2023-09-22 06:57:55
Inspired, Alexander Malinov wrote the Manifesto at Dve Mogili station, declaring the independence of our country
On September 22 1908 Bulgaria finally became an independent state after Prime Minister Alexander Malinov and Prince Ferdinand I announced independence On the side.
The day it was monday On the night of September 22 the Prime Minister of Bulgaria welcomes the Bulgarian prince on the yacht “Khan-Krum” near Ruse. From there, the entire Bulgarian government and Ferdinand I took the royal train to Veliko Tarnovo to declare the state’s independence. During the break at the Dve Mogili station, Alexander Malinov wrote the text of the Manifesto, with which the act would be announced. The entire government and the prince put their signatures under it. Today, at Dve Mogili station, there is a historical plaque that tells about this memorable night.
The manifesto was read in the church “St. Forty Martyrs” in the old capital city of Tarnovo. The independent Bulgarian kingdom was recognized by the Great Powers in the spring of 1909. Thus, our country is no longer a tributary principality, but an independent state.
Until that moment, for 30 years after the Liberation, Bulgaria was a vassal principality of the Ottoman Empire and the Bulgarian prince was a vassal of his suzerain – Sultan Abdul Hamid II. Bulgaria was not recognized as an international legal subject, it could not send its delegations to conferences and congresses, it did not have the right to customs duty the goods of the Great Powers, the Bulgarian court could not convict a subject of a Great Power who committed a murder on our territory, and so called
In southern Bulgaria, there was the company “Eastern Railways”, which was formally owned by the Ottoman Empire, but was de facto German-Austrian and was managed by Baron Hirsch. At the same time, during these years, our country experienced a huge rise – economic, political and cultural. It became a European country in substance and was simply waiting for the right moment to be recognized as independent. This is the so-called Balkan crisis of 1908-1909
Our declaration of independence is considered one of the most successful political achievements of our diplomacy. At this very time, the attention of the Great Powers was focused on the Franco-German dispute over Morocco, and Austria-Hungary was preparing to annex Bosnia and Herzegovina. At the same time, the Young Turks carried out a coup in Istanbul, and a strike broke out on the Edirne-Belovo railway line. The government of Alexander Malinov seized the moment and confiscated the railway line. .
After the declaration of Independence, there were threats of war from the Ottoman Empire. Bulgaria responds to this with military mobilization and at the same time declares readiness for a peaceful settlement of the issue. Since the Berlin Treaty was twice violated (by Sofia and by Vienna), and the Great Powers were not ready for a large-scale war, efforts were directed towards diplomatic recognition of Bulgarian independence.
With the help of Russia, an agreement was reached on the severe financial problems that had arisen. Several protocols have been signed between Bulgaria, Turkey and Russia. According to them, Russia forgives Turkey its military obligations, which remained from the war of 1877-1878. Also, Turkey renounces any financial claims to Bulgaria, and our country undertakes to pay Russia 82 million within a period of 75 years. franc.
Turkey, followed by the Great Powers, recognized Bulgaria’s independence in April 1909. With the proclamation of Bulgaria’s independence, the country’s international authority rose and it became equal to other European countries. Prince Ferdinand accepts the title of Tsar of Bulgaria. An interesting point is the very recognition of this title: King = Caesar = Caesar. In 1910, in preparation for the Balkan wars, Ferdinand was in Petersburg, where they organized a solemn, “royal” ceremony to welcome him.
September 22, 2023 in Plovdiv
10:00 a.m. – Prayer service in the Church of St. Sunday”, organized by the Petko Karavelov Center Association
10:30 a.m. – Laying of wreaths and flowers in front of the memorial plaque of Alexander Malinov on the square of the same name at the foot of the Old Town (next to the church “St. Nedelya”), organized by the Petko Karavelov Center Association
11:00 a.m. – Concert of the Plovdiv Singing Society “Angel Bukoreshtliev” on the square above Hisar Kapia, Old Town. Conductor Iliyan Tiganev.
11:30 a.m. – Solemn celebration of the 115th anniversary of the declaration of the Independence of Bulgaria. Participants: Wind Orchestra – Plovdiv, “Patriotism” committee, Speaker: Dr. Stefan Shivachev, presenter Zlatko Pavlov
Place: Independence Column on 22 September Square (Grozdoviya Pazar garden)–
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