Key Point :
- Sexually active women are at least 80% more likely to contract HPV in their lifetime.
- patientcervical cancer9,158 new cases were found per year and about 4,705 deaths.
- In 2050, the goal is to reduce the number of cervical cancer patients by 350,000 in low- and middle-income countries.
- Internal audit, regular screening Don’t wait for symptoms. Avoid risk factors and get vaccinated against HPV infection.
The 5 most common cancers in Thai women are breast cancer 34.23, colon and rectal cancer 13.3, liver and bile duct cancer 12.2, lung cancer 11.5 andcervical cancer 11.1
However, there are patientscervical cancerNew cases were found 9,158 per year and there were about 4,705 deaths because when cervical cancer was detected, it was found in stage 3 and stage 4.
Asst. Prof. Dr. Nuttawut Kantathaworn, Obstetrician and Gynecologist, Specialist in Gynecologic Oncology Head of Obstetrics and Gynecology Chulabhorn Hospital Chulabhorn Royal College Giving an interview on the issue of “Women’s Health in Thailand – What Can Be Done to Provide Better Care for Women to Achieve Elimination of Cervical Cancer: Looking Back to Find a Way Conquer the mission to eradicate cervical cancer in Thailand,” said
diseasecervical cancerCaused by infection with HPV (Human Papilloma Virus), of which there are more than 100 types of HPV, but 14 are at high risk of developing.cervical cancer Types 16 and 18, in particular, account for 70% of cervical cancers, and women infected with these 2 types of HPV are at risk for developing lesions.cervical cancer35 times higher than normal women
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“Leucorrhoea” is a dangerous warning signal called “cancer”.
One woman who has sex has a chance of contracting HPV.
“HPV is transmitted through sexual intercourse. A woman who is sexually active is likely to be infected with HPV at least once in her lifetime. 80% by having sex just once, there is a risk of contracting this virus, and more than 99% of cervical cancer patients are infected with HPV. Within 2 years, but if not cured, will cause the accumulation of infection and can lead to cervical cancer cervical cancer having a pre-cancer stage That can cause detection, so cervical cancer, if detected early can be cured Without having to cut the uterus, ”Asst. Prof. Dr. Nuttawut said.
cervical cancercan prevent and can be treated if detected early which cause ofcervical cancerCaused by infection with HPV or Human Papilloma Virus (Human Papilloma Virus) by a highly effective and cost-effective measure to eliminate cervical cancer. It is internationally accepted including
1. Vaccination at an appropriate age Thailand has vaccination among girls aged 5 or 11 years.
2. TheScreening testquality on a regular basis
3. Early detection of infection and perform treatment
“Cervical cancer takes 15-20 years to develop lesions, so there is time to heal before it spreads,” said Asst. Prof. Nattawut.
In 2050, the goal is to decrease 350,000 cervical cancer patients.
In a global context, in 2020, the World Health Assembly (WHA) adopted a global strategy to encourage the elimination of cervical cancer. which is a public health problem For the first time, the global community has a common mission to complete the mission of eradicating cervical cancer. The goal is that by 2030, 90% will be able to get vaccinated, but in fact, only 12% in the past 3 years must be vaccinated at the appropriate age, 70%, but the actual figure is only 36%.
However, the expected results in low- and middle-income countries by 2050 are 350,000 fewer cervical cancer cases and 5 million deaths from cervical cancer.
prevent cervical cancer Detected and treatable
HPV infection is transmitted through sexual intercourse. Not related to genetics, so if a mother has cervical cancer It does not mean that the child will be, but having sex only once may be at risk of infection
There are two ways to prevent cervical cancer:
1. HPV vaccination
2. Screening, which has 2 forms:
2.1 PAP Smear Screening
- asScreening testCytological cervical cancer looks at cell changes before they develop into cancer.
- The doctor will take a sample of cells from the cervix. to be sent for examination in the laboratory to find abnormal cells through a microscope and must be checked every year
- The PAP SMEAR test is not a test for HPV and has a sensitivity of 53%.
- Check every year for abnormalities of the cells around the cervix Detection sensitivity 53%
- It is checked every year.
2.2 HPV DNA Test
- It is the use of modern technology to detect the DNA level to find high-risk HPV. To identify the risk of cancer or pre-cancerous conditions in women
- Samples are collected in the same way as PAP SMEAR, but with a more effective tool in the laboratory. to identify HPV directly from the DNA of the virus The inspection period can be up to 5 years.
- If the test result is not infected It is a test for high-risk HPV. To identify the risk of cervical cancer and have a detection sensitivity of 92%
- It is checked every 5 years.
Asst.Prof.Dr. Nattawut He continued to say that at presentcervical cancer‘ It’s not a problem of developed countries. Because in developed countries, there are very few problems with this disease. But the opposite is found in developing countries. In the past, Thailand had many cervical cancer patients. But now the situation has improved. found fewer patients due to screening and more vaccination
“In the past, having cervical cancer would cause death. But now, if detected at one stage, the chance of survival is 90%, but if the third stage has a 50:50 chance of survival, “Asst. Prof. Nattawut said.
However, the Thai health system is comprehensive. can make treatment accessible But inequality is healthcare. Because the health system has a lot of problems in urban areas. In terms of health care, people in the provinces have the opportunity to access treatment for certain diseases very well.
Roche Diagnostics (Thailand) Ltd. released the results of the Women’s Health APAC Survey, a survey of women’s understanding in Asia Pacific. including Thailand In awareness, perspectives and influences on decision-making in women’s health by Roche Diagnostics Asia Pacific found that
61% think they are quite knowledgeable understanding of diseasecervical cancer
39% think they don’t know I don’t understand cervical cancer at all.
83% said they were confident they received treatment If the patient has cervical cancer
66% assured access to screeningcervical cancerappropriately
21% were unsure if they would be able to accessScreening testappropriately
57% Thai health care system Equality in the treatment of women
“HPV DNA Self-Sampling Test screening is another option for HPV detection that women can collect and test themselves. Reduce anxiety from doctor embarrassment and afraid to get hurt The early detection of HPV can reduce the risk of developing cervical cancer. because it can be treated, however, internal examination and screening It is still very necessary that every woman should receive it, “Asst. Prof. Dr. Nuttawut said.
Check symptoms, risk factors for cervical cancer
For risk factors that can cause cervical cancer, it is caused by
- HPV (Human Papilloma Virus) infection is transmitted through sexual intercourse. having multiple sexual partners or having sex with a man who has multiple partners
- smoking
- taking birth control pills for a long time
- Pregnancy or having multiple children
- poor immunity
- Neglecting to do an internal examination for cervical cancer screening
The symptoms of cervical cancer are as follows:
- There will be symptoms when it’s a lump.
- Abnormal vaginal bleeding
- Has already had postmenopausal bleeding
- White discharge, bloody urine or stools caused bycancerspread to nearby organs
“The principle is that if there is bleeding, do an internal examination, don’t wait for symptoms to appear. should be screened regularly and should avoid risk factors Vaccination against HPV infection, which women, if they have never had sexual intercourse, are asked to start testing at the age of 30, but if there is an abnormality, ask to be tested. And if women who are sexually active, start checking at the age of 25, “Asst. Prof. Dr. Nuttawut said.