one of the most important events of the year regarding the environment: during the National Climate Conference an assessment of what has been done in the country to reduce emissions and consumption is drawn up and the path to achieve future objectives is outlined. The one for the year 2021 was held last December 2, promoted by Italy For Climate with the patronage of the Ministry of Ecological Transition, the European Commission and Rai for the social sector. on this occasion the Roadmap 2.0 was presented, the path to follow to reach the targets set in the Paris conference, respecting the European guidelines of the Green Deal. Among the priorities for 2030: reduce energy consumption by around 15 percent and double energy consumption from renewable sources by up to 43 percent
At the National Climate Conference, Italy for Climate presented the country’s step-by-step path to reach the zero emissions goal, respecting the Paris commitments and the Green Deal
According to the data of the’Italy Climate Report 2021, previewed at the event, to alarm the most the slowness with which Italy has reduced its CO2 emissions: from 2014 to 2019 they decreased by only 10 million tons. They also worry the increase in energy consumption: +9 percent (between 1990 and 2019) and the data on the use of renewable sources, stopped from 2015 to 2019 and even decreased by 2 percent in the year of the pandemic, corresponding to about 400 thousand tons of oil. To date, moreover, in Italy about 80 per cent of energy needs are met by gas, oil and coal.
Italy for climate presented its roadmap 2.0 to reach the carbon neutrality by 2030, which provides a 55 per cent reduction in emissions by 2030 compared to 1990. The success of the plan in less than ten years involves doubling the production of energy from renewable sources, which should reach 70 per cent of the national electricity requirement and 43 per cent of the national energy requirement.
National commitment
But the path along this path can only be made through a national commitment: The climate objectives adopted by Italy with the National Energy and Climate Plan are not in line with the new European targets – declared Edo Ronchi, President of the Foundation. Sustainable Development and Promoter of Italy for Climate – Italy must do more by passing a climate protection law that makes its climate targets legally binding and updated which will also be applied to the main economic sectors: industry, transport, agriculture and buildings. Only through a legal source of legislative level voted by Parliament is it possible to establish ambitious and shared objectives, not subject to easy modifications or changes of direction.
Industry
Industry is the sector that emits the most CO2 to date: currently responsible for 37 percent of the country’s total emissions. But also the one that has reduced them more than all the others, with a cut of 85 million tons of CO2 from 1990 to 2019. According to the Italy for climate Roadmap 2.0, the industry should cut 43 percent of emissions compared to 2019, reaching approximately 87 million tons of CO2 in 2030. How? By cutting consumption by 11 percent, with a consistent use of renewables, and electrifying a part of consumption from fossil fuels.
Buildings
The second sector for the production of emissions in Italy, responsible for 28 per cent of the national total, and the first for energy consumption (almost half of the country’s total) that of buildings. A sector that, while from 1990 to 2019 reduced greenhouse gas emissions by 10 percent, on the other hand it increased energy consumption by 44 percent. However, according to the data reported by the Roadmap, buildings will be the sector that will provide the greatest contribution in terms of reducing national greenhouse gas emissions from now to 2030, cutting them by 55 percent compared to 2019, above all thanks to energy redevelopment. According to the report, to meet the Paris commitments, 2 percent of private buildings and 3 percent of public buildings would need to be radically redeveloped each year, significantly improving their energy performance.
Transportation
That of transport on third sector for greenhouse gas emissions, responsible for 26 per cent of the national total, ed l’the only sector that in the last thirty years has not reduced its emissions at all, which remained around 110 million tons of CO2. The goal in this area is to reduce greenhouse gases by 29 percent compared to 2019 and cut diesel and petrol consumption by 34 percent. To achieve these objectives, it will be necessary to reduce the motorization rate to an overall fleet of about 33 million vehicles in 2030 by improving public transport and bringing 6 million electric vehicles onto the roads by 2030 (today we are just over 200 thousand units). .
Agriculture
The agricultural sector responsible for 9 percent of national greenhouse gas emissions. In thirty years they have decreased by 16 per cent, but have increased between 2015 and 2019.s According to Italy for Climate, the agricultural sector will have to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions by 29 per cent by 2030 compared to 2019, firstly cutting those coming from farms.
Electricity
In the Roadmap, the electricity generation sector is a “transversal” sector, which contributes to the national emissions framework not directly but through the electricity consumption of the four final sectors. Today in Italy for every 1 kWh consumed about 260 grams of CO2 are emitted. A figure that will have to more than halve by 2030 will have to reach just over 100 grams of CO2. This will be possible, according to I4C, only if renewables reach a 70 percent share in national electricity generation in 2030 (today we are at about 40 percent), installing 8 GW of new plants every year, especially photovoltaic and wind power plants.
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