2023-04-23 06:52:06
Dubai, United Arab Emirates (CNN) — If you have type 2 diabetes, drinking more coffee, tea or water may reduce your risk of premature death from any cause by about 25%, a new study finds.
However, the study indicated that consuming more sugar-sweetened beverages increased the risk of heart disease by 25%, and the risk of death from a heart attack or other cardiovascular disease by 29%.
Research has shown that cardiovascular disease is the most common cause of death in people with type 2 diabetes.
Study author Kye San, assistant professor of nutrition and epidemiology at the T.H. Chan School of Public Health at Harvard University in Boston, “Some drinks are more beneficial than others, depending on which drink you’re comparing them with.”
“Based on our study, I would rate black coffee, unsweetened tea, and plain water as healthier than low-fat milk, fruit juice, or artificially sweetened beverages,” he added. He pointed out that “sugar-sweetened beverages such as cola, fruit juices that are high in sugar, and whole milk that is high in saturated fat are known risk factors for type 2 diabetes and early cardiovascular disease.” .
More than one serving a day.. increases the risk
The study, published in the BMJ on Wednesday, analyzed dietary data for 15,500 adults with type 2 diabetes who were part of the Nurses’ Health Study, a health professionals follow-up study in the US.
About 75% of the study participants were women, with an average age of 61. Participants answered questions about their consumption of eight different types of beverages, such as artificially sweetened beverages, coffee, fruit, juice, low-fat milk, whole milk, plain water, tea, and sugar-sweetened beverages, every two to four years for an average of 18 years. .
Examples of sugar-sweetened beverages are: caffeinated soft drinks, decaffeinated soft drinks, fruit juice, lemonade, and other fruit juices. More than one drink per day was classified as high consumption. As for low consumption, it was considered less than one sugar-sweetened drink per month.
The study defined large amounts of coffee (both caffeinated and decaffeinated) as four cups a day, two cups of tea a day, five cups of water a day, and two cups of low-fat milk a day. The low amount per drink was less than 1 or 1 cup per month.
The analysis showed that people who drank the most sugar-sweetened drinks had a 20% increased risk of dying from any cause, compared to those who drank the least amount of these drinks. The study found that death due to a cardiovascular event, such as a heart attack, rose by 29%.
The risk of premature death also increased by 8% for each additional dose per day.
On the other hand, consuming large amounts of coffee, tea, water, and low-fat milk was associated with a lower death rate compared to drinking a small amount of it, according to the results of the study. The risk was reduced by 26% for premature death related to coffee drinking, 21% for tea, 23% for regular water and 12% for low-fat milk.
Looking specifically at cardiovascular disease, the data showed that higher coffee intake was associated with an 18% lower risk of heart disease. The study found that drinking low-fat milk reduced the chances of heart disease by 12%.
Change helps
The study found that people who drank a lot of sugar-sweetened beverages before they were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes had a significantly reduced risk of premature death when those sweetened beverages were replaced with coffee or calorie-free industrial beverages after diagnosis.
And when sugar-sweetened beverages were replaced with coffee, tea, plain water, and low-fat milk, a lower risk of heart disease and death from any cause was recorded.
No data was available on the types of tea (black, green, herbal, or fruit) consumed during the studies, and no information on whether participants added sugar to their coffee or tea.
The lack of data on this common additive means that “the comparative health effects of unsweetened and sweetened hot drinks remain unclear,” Nita Forouhi, program director and researcher in nutritional epidemiology at the University of Cambridge, UK, wrote in an editorial accompanying the study.
Since the study is observational, the results cannot be read in terms of cause and effect. However, Frouhi, who was not involved in the study, reports that the authors “conducted detailed and repeated collection of dietary data, followed the participants for nearly two decades, applied comprehensive adjustments for confounding factors, and performed 12 different sensitivity analyses.”
“The case for avoiding sugar-sweetened beverages is compelling,” she concluded, adding that “clearly, beverage choice is important.”
#research #reveals #effect #coffee #tea #risk #early #death #adults #diabetes