2023-06-28 18:21:20
Several indicators make it possible to scrutinize day by day the evolution of the situation throughout the territory. Figure Data
Dashboard – The summer of 2022 was marked by intense heat waves and a historic drought, which had a strong impact on the water supply and favored the outbreak of fires. Follow the day-to-day evolution of the situation in France for the upcoming season.
Europe experienced a 2022 year that was 2.3 degrees warmer than the pre-industrial average, according to the World Meteorological Organization. This inexorable warming leads to an intensification of heat waves and episodes of drought, particularly in France where the impacts on water resources and the risk of fires are closely monitored. Several indicators make it possible to scrutinize the day-to-day evolution of the situation throughout the metropolitan territory.
Read alsoDrought point of June 26: a surface drought in decline
The flow of the main rivers
Fluctuations in the flow of rivers affect biodiversity, the supply of drinking water or the production of electricity. The state of rivers, rivers and streams is therefore closely scrutinized. In 2022, for example, heat and drought caused their level to drop. As a result, more than 2,000 municipalities experienced drinking water tensions during the summer and hydroelectric production fell by 20% overall over the year. The phenomenon is expected to increase in the decades to come: according to the BRGM, the average annual flow of rivers could drop by 10 to 50% by 2050.
Read alsoWhy France is still at risk of drought
forest weather
During the summer of 2022, forest fires, favored by heat peaks and episodes of drought, ravaged more than 72,000 hectares of vegetation in France… and not just around the Mediterranean. To better inform the public about a danger which now concerns the whole of metropolitan France, Météo France updates a map daily estimating the risk of fire outbreaks by department. It takes into account the temperature, soil humidity, precipitation or the strength of the winds.
Water restrictions
Each year, France takes an average of 33 billion cubic meters of water out of the nearly 208 billion present in rivers, lakes or groundwater. But this abundance is only apparent: the resource is essential for nature, both for vegetation and for animals.
Thus, at the end of August 2022, almost all of metropolitan France was subject to water restrictions in order to secure priority uses such as drinking water supply or civil security. The official Propluvia website publishes a daily map listing the various measures taken in each department.
Read alsoClimate: solutions to combat chronic water shortages
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