2023-07-07 06:11:00
07/07/2023
Cyberwar and global cybercrime, when the virtual transcends the real (reissue).- Javier Fernández Aparicio
Cyber attacks put human lives at risk. Cyberspace has been consolidating during the last twenty years as the fifth area of the field of warfare, a propitious terrain for acts of espionage, sabotage and destabilization between contending States. Four main actors stand out: the United States, China, Russia and the European Union, sophisticated cyberattackers or cyberattacked where resilience is key to preventing threats. At a global level, it is not easy to determine if many cyberattacks are motivated by an undeclared cyberwar or are actions of cybercrime. Cybercrime, where in some cases there are suspicions of connections with governments, is a serious problem in a hyperconnected world and puts the security of countries, corporations and citizens at risk, which poses a future international regulation that marks red lines right now nonexistent.
Document prepared by Javier Fernández Aparicio. Analyst of the Spanish Institute of Strategic Studies. @jafeap
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