New Study Finds Melanoma is More Deadly in Black Men
A new study has revealed that melanoma, a type of skin cancer, is far more deadly in Black men than in men of other races. The study, which evaluated more than 205,000 cases, found that Black men are 26 percent more likely to die from melanoma compared to White men.
Researchers have previously noted that men have a higher risk of being diagnosed and dying from melanoma than women, but this study is the largest to date that focuses on how the location, stage, and prognosis of the disease differ by race.
While melanoma is more common in White men, Black men have a lower survival rate. The study found that among Black men with melanoma, 48.6 percent are diagnosed at late stages of the disease, making it harder to treat. In comparison, late-stage diagnoses occur in 21.1 percent of White men. If melanoma is detected early, the five-year survival rate is 99 percent. However, once it has spread to other parts of the body, the survival rate drops to about 32 percent.
The location of melanomas on the body also varies by race. The study showed that 50.7 percent of Black men with melanoma have it on their lower extremities, such as the soles of their feet and the bottoms of their nails. Comparatively, fewer than 10 percent of White men have melanomas in these areas. Most cases in White men occur on the trunk or head and neck.
Melanoma in Black men often appears in areas not typically exposed to the sun, which may explain why it is often missed. Examples include the soles of the feet, toes, and fingernail beds. This may contribute to delays in diagnosis and treatment.
The study emphasizes the need for increased public education for doctors and patients to be on the lookout for melanoma, even in Black patients where it rarely occurs. Doctors may not be trained to identify skin cancer on Black skin, which can result in delayed diagnoses. Early detection is crucial for improving outcomes.
The study also found that a subtype of melanoma called acral lentiginous melanoma, which is a more deadly form of the disease, is more common in Black men. Nearly 1 in 5 Black melanoma patients have this subtype, while less than 1 percent of White men do.
Late diagnosis alone does not fully explain why melanoma is more deadly in Black men. Even after controlling for factors like income, insurance, and access to healthcare, Black men still have a 26 percent higher death rate than White men. This suggests that there are biological factors at play that contribute to the disparities.
The study highlights the need for increased research funding and attention to melanoma in Black men. By focusing on these less common categories, researchers may gain a better understanding of melanoma in general and develop more effective prevention and treatment strategies.
The number of new invasive melanoma cases diagnosed annually has increased by 27 percent in the past decade. To reduce the risk of developing melanoma, dermatologists recommend vigilant sun protection, such as wearing hats, sunscreen, and protective clothing, avoiding the sun, and regularly seeing a dermatologist for skin checks. Individuals should also perform monthly self-checks and seek medical attention if they notice any new, changing, or bleeding lesions.
Melanoma is a potentially deadly disease, but with early detection and proper treatment, outcomes can be significantly improved. It is essential for individuals, regardless of their race, to be aware of the signs and risks associated with melanoma and to prioritize their skin health.