Archaeologists Unearth Skeleton of Roman Soldier Buried Facedown in Wales
Archaeologists have made a fascinating discovery in an isolated field near a Roman villa in Wales. They have uncovered the remains of a man who was buried facedown, suggesting an unusual burial practice. The skeleton, adorned with a silver pin and a sword, is believed to belong to a Roman soldier. However, the presence of large nails near his neck, back, and feet indicates that he may have been restrained at the time of his death.
The burial site, along with four others dating back to the mid-third to late-fourth centuries, was found during a road improvement project near the town of Barry in south Wales. Red River Archaeology, a UK-based archaeological firm, made the discoveries. The team believes that the burials could be associated with the Whitton Lodge Roman villa, which was originally excavated 50 years ago.
The man, estimated to be between 21 and 25 years old at the time of his death, was laid to rest in a rock-cut grave that may have been lined with wooden planks. Mark Collard, the managing director of Red River Archaeology, explained that the position of the body and the presence of large nails suggest that the man might have been restrained. The nails were found at the back of his neck, shoulder, and between his feet.
Contrary to initial assumptions that he might have been a non-elite or enslaved individual, the man’s personal artifacts indicate a different story. His burial included an iron sword, hobnailed boots, and a silver crossbow-style brooch. These items suggest a possible connection to the Roman military. Evan Chapman, the senior curator of archaeology at Amgueddfa Cymru — Museum Wales, commented on the significance of the silver brooch, stating that it is the first example of its kind found in Wales. These brooches were typically associated with the Roman military and were used to fasten cloaks.
Further analysis of the man’s bones and teeth revealed additional insights into his life. The presence of mastoiditis, a bacterial infection, indicated that he was suffering from a potentially fatal condition at the time of his death. It was a condition that could have been easily treated with antibiotics today, but in the Roman era, it posed a serious threat to one’s life.
Isotope analysis of the man’s bone and tooth enamel also offered intriguing information. It indicated that he likely grew up in a region further east, potentially near the Welsh borders. This raises questions about why a person of his status ended up on a farm in south Wales.
The prone burial position of the man is significant, as it aligns with other Roman Britain burials that involved prone or decapitated individuals. For example, a recent discovery at Knobb’s Farm near Cambridge revealed a high number of atypical burials. These patterns have prompted researchers to explore the reasons behind these unique burial practices, although no definitive explanation has been found.
The discovery of the Roman soldier buried facedown in Wales adds to the mystery surrounding these unconventional burials. Mark Collard expressed his curiosity about the circumstances surrounding this burial, stating that it raises more questions than answers.
As archaeologists continue to study these ancient remains, they hope to uncover more clues that will shed light on the lives and traditions of those who lived in Roman Britain. The findings from this excavation provide valuable insights into the practices and beliefs of the Roman military and their presence in Wales.