Title: Crows’ Intelligence Continues to Amaze Scientists: New Study Reveals Statistical Reasoning Abilities
Date: [Insert Date]
Crows and ravens, known collectively as corvids, have long intrigued researchers and captured the public’s attention with their unexpected intelligence. A recent study published in Current Biology by researchers from the University of Tübingen has now unveiled a new aspect of their cognitive abilities – statistical reasoning. This groundbreaking discovery not only sheds light on the evolution of intelligence but also deepens our appreciation for these remarkable birds in our everyday lives.
With an estimated population of over 27 million in the United States alone, crows are a familiar sight and sound to many. Renowned for their vocalizations that vary in tone and meaning, these birds possess a relatively large brain size for their species, particularly in the forebrain region associated with analytical reasoning in humans. This unique brain structure has led experts to observe crows engaging in various intelligent behaviors, such as using tools to extract food from tree bark. Some scientists even compare corvid intelligence to that of a 7-year-old child.
In addition to tool usage, corvids exhibit mathematical aptitude, including basic functions like addition and subtraction. Dr. Kaeli Swift, a postdoctoral researcher in bird behavior at the University of Washington, explains that few animals beyond corvids display advanced mathematical intelligence and abstract thinking. This makes crows truly exceptional creatures.
Dr. Melissa Johnston, a Humboldt Fellow at the University of Tübingen, has been studying corvids for years and recognizes their exceptional cognitive abilities. In her most recent experiment, she and her team trained crows to engage in statistical reasoning, pushing their cognitive skills to new heights.
The experiment involved training crows to peck at different images on touchscreens to earn food rewards. The researchers progressively introduced the concept of probabilities, teaching the crows to associate each image with a particular likelihood of receiving a reward. The crows quickly learned to pick the higher probability image, displaying their ability to apply statistical inference.
Statistical inference is the process of drawing conclusions and making decisions using limited information about a situation. Johnston compares this reasoning to everyday human scenarios, such as choosing a café with the most available seating based on past experiences. In the experiment, the crows remembered the connections between the images and their corresponding reward probabilities, consistently selecting the higher probability even after a month without training.
Crows’ intelligence has enabled them to adapt successfully to urban environments, utilizing artificial structures for various purposes. Urban ecologists classify corvids as “exploiters” due to their thriving presence in cities. As Johnston suggests, wild crows may employ statistical inference in their behavior to locate locations associated with higher hunting success.
As studies continue to reveal the remarkable intelligence of corvids, public perception of these birds is gradually changing. Swift notes that crows have historically symbolized death, and some people still consider them as pests. However, more individuals are beginning to appreciate their intelligence and view them as engaging and relatable creatures. Social media platforms dedicated to neighborhood crows, their role as sports team mascots, and essential scientific studies like this one contribute to improving our relationship with urban crows and altering the negative stereotypes associated with them.
While these findings open new doors for understanding the evolution of intelligence, it is crucial to remember that crows and ravens are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Despite this protection, some states still sell crow hunting licenses during specific seasons, challenging conservation efforts.
The study by the University of Tübingen researchers provides further evidence of the astounding cognitive capabilities possessed by corvids. The intelligence and adaptability of these birds continue to fascinate scientists and inspire a deeper appreciation of the natural world right at our doorstep.
Source: Current Biology, DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2023.06.023
By Kenna Hughes-Castleberry. Kenna is a science communicator at JILA and a freelance science journalist specializing in quantum physics, quantum technology, deep technology, and social media. She is also a strong advocate for diversity in STEM fields. Follow her on LinkedIn or visit her website.