2023-09-19 04:24:00
Title: Dengue Fever Outbreak Worsens as Rainy Season Approaches
Subtitle: More than 90,000 cases and 84 deaths reported, prevention and vaccination urged
As the rainy season approaches, the threat of dengue fever, transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes, becomes even more severe. The latest reports from the Epidemiology Division reveal that the current outbreak is three times worse than in 2022, with over 90,000 confirmed cases and 84 deaths.
Prevention is crucial in avoiding dengue fever, and it can be as simple as avoiding mosquito bites. However, if one is bitten by a mosquito, close monitoring for symptoms is necessary. If symptoms such as a high fever are detected, seeking medical attention is essential and self-medication should be avoided. Additionally, eliminating breeding grounds for Aedes mosquitoes is vital in preventing the spread of the disease.
To check for the presence of dengue fever in their area, individuals can utilize the ‘Knowledge’ application. It provides information on the risk of dengue fever and offers guidance on how to protect oneself.
The dengue virus consists of four species, and it is the female Aedes mosquitoes that act as carriers. When these mosquitoes bite individuals infected with the dengue virus, they become carriers themselves. The virus incubates within the mosquito for approximately 8-12 days. Subsequently, when infected mosquitoes bite other individuals, the virus enters their bloodstream, leading to the spread of dengue fever.
The symptoms of dengue fever manifest after an incubation period of 5-8 days, with a range of 3-15 days. Symptoms often include high fever and can become severe if left untreated, potentially resulting in death.
Dr. Samantha Limmahakun, an adult infectious diseases physician at Samitivej Hospital, highlights the increasing rate of dengue fever infections among adults. Even individuals who have previously been infected with dengue fever are at risk of experiencing more severe symptoms upon reinfection. The disease’s severity is difficult to predict, and there is currently no specific treatment.
Vaccination is considered an effective preventive measure against dengue fever. The vaccine is recommended for children and adults between the ages of 4-60, with an efficacy rate of 80.2% in preventing all strains of dengue fever and 90.4% in preventing hospital admissions. This vaccine can be administered regardless of prior dengue fever history and is generally safe, with minor side effects such as pain at the injection site, headache, and muscle pain.
It is important to note that individuals who have been exposed to one strain of the dengue virus may still contract the disease upon exposure to a different strain. In such cases, symptoms tend to be more severe. The virus strains circulate annually, causing outbreaks as people lack immunity to new strains.
The occurrence of dengue fever varies seasonally, with a higher number of cases during the rainy season, particularly from April to August. The age group most affected by dengue fever is 10-14 years old, followed by 5-9, 15-24, and 25-34-year-olds, respectively. While the disease can be severe, it is important to note that out of 1,000 patients, only one person will usually die, primarily due to excessive bleeding and circulatory failure.
Symptoms of dengue fever range from acute high fever to bleeding on the skin, seizures, and gastrointestinal issues. Monitoring for signs of shock, such as restlessness, cold extremities, and changes in blood pressure, is crucial, as circulatory failure can occur rapidly.
Diagnosing dengue fever early can be challenging as symptoms initially resemble those of general fever. Blood tests are required to confirm the infection, and a delay of 3-4 days may be necessary to detect the virus.
Treating dengue fever focuses on palliative and symptomatic care, including the administration of antipyretic drugs in the paracetamol group to reduce fever. Other fever-reducing medications, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, should be avoided to prevent potential complications, such as abnormal bleeding. Close monitoring of symptoms is essential, and immediate hospitalization is necessary if severe symptoms, such as stomach pain or dizziness, occur.
In conclusion, as the Dengue fever outbreak reaches its highest levels in five years, prevention remains the most effective strategy. Avoiding mosquito bites and eliminating breeding grounds can help mitigate the spread of the disease. Vaccination is highly recommended, and early medical attention is crucial for timely and appropriate treatment. With continued efforts in public awareness and effective preventive measures, the impacts of this deadly disease can be diminished.]
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