2023-10-15 07:20:33
Increase in Cases of Distemper Virus in Wild Animals Raises Concerns for Dog Owners
In the Lüchow-Dannenberg district, hunters have recently reported an uptick in foxes exhibiting behavioral problems to the veterinary office. One case has been confirmed to have the distemper virus. As a result, the veterinary office is advising all dog owners to have their pets vaccinated starting from the 8th week of life. Puppies between the ages of three and six months are particularly susceptible to the virus, but even older dogs can be at risk. To ensure widespread awareness, individuals are encouraged to share this information on social media platforms such as Facebook.
The distemper virus is frequently found in various wild animals such as foxes, badgers, martens, polecats, weasels, otters, wolves, and, more recently, raccoons. However, foxes, martens, and raccoons are considered significant “pathogen reservoirs” for the virus. These animals are often found near human habitats due to the abundance of food available and their ability to adapt quickly. This proximity can put unvaccinated pets at risk of infection, not only during walks in the forest but also within their own territories.
The distemper virus is one of the most dreaded viral diseases among dog owners. It is highly contagious and usually fatal, with only rabies presenting a greater danger. Fortunately, the virus does not pose a threat to humans.
The disease in dogs is caused by the “Canine Distemper Virus” (CDV), which belongs to the family of “paramyxoviruses” closely related to the human measles virus. The virus is primarily transmitted through saliva, nasal or eye secretions, feces, or urine of infected animals. This means that dogs can contract the virus directly from infected animals through licking or droplet infection. The virus can also be transmitted through contaminated food, water, or even clothing.
Common signs of distemper infection include high fever, loss of appetite, lethargy, nasal and eye discharge, vomiting, watery or bloody diarrhea, sneezing, coughing, and shortness of breath. Neurological symptoms such as muscle tremors, blindness, and even epileptic seizures can also indicate infection. Conjunctivitis is another common symptom. If any of these signs are observed in a dog, a rapid test conducted by a veterinarian can provide a reliable diagnosis of distemper within a short time.
Early vaccination is the most effective protection against the distemper virus. Veterinarians recommend that puppies be vaccinated at the eighth, twelfth, and sixteenth weeks of life, and again at the fifteenth or sixteenth month. Further booster vaccinations should be provided every three years. Currently, there is no effective antiviral therapy for distemper, making timely vaccination crucial in preventing the disease.
The distemper virus is resilient to low temperatures and can survive in sunlight for up to 14 hours. However, higher temperatures and the use of disinfectants can quickly kill the virus. It is advised to clean everyday textiles for at least 30 minutes at a temperature of at least 56 degrees, disinfect dog accessories regularly, wash and disinfect hands frequently, and isolate a sick dog to prevent the spread of the virus.
Although the occurrence of distemper has been significantly reduced in recent years due to regular vaccinations, there has been an alarming increase in distemper cases, including among dogs, throughout Europe. This is partly due to vaccine fatigue among owners and the purchase of unvaccinated or already infected puppies from questionable sources abroad.
Reputable breeders ensure that puppies are vaccinated against distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, and leptospirosis at the eighth week of life. Individuals looking to adopt a dog from an animal shelter can usually assume that the animal is vaccinated. In case of uncertainty, it is recommended to inquire with the shelter staff. Dogs adopted from shelters often come with vaccination certificates or an EU pet passport, providing information about the current vaccination status.
Even for individuals skeptical of vaccinations, there are proven and effective vaccines available to prevent the dramatic progression of the disease. Checking the vaccination certificate and catching up on any missing vaccinations is essential to ensure the health and well-being of canine companions.]
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