Title: Hamas’s Qassam Brigades: A Brief Overview of the Palestinian Resistance Group
Introduction:
Hamas, the Palestinian resistance group governing the Gaza Strip, has come under intense scrutiny following its military wing, the Qassam Brigades’ recent attack on Israeli territory. The attack resulted in the loss of 1,400 lives and the capture of over 200 individuals. As Israel pledges to eradicate all wings of Hamas, it is essential to understand the origins and development of the Qassam Brigades in order to comprehend the current situation.
Founding of Hamas:
Hamas was established in 1987 as an offshoot of Egypt’s Muslim Brotherhood by Sheikh Ahmed Yasin and his aide, Abdul Aziz al-Rantisi. Initially formed in response to Israeli occupation, the group advocated for armed resistance against Israel and opposed the 1993 Oslo Accords. Over time, Hamas severed ties with the Muslim Brotherhood, indicating their independent stance.
The Rise of the Qassam Brigades:
The Qassam Brigades, Hamas’s military unit, was established in 1992 to coordinate and formalize the group’s military activities against Israel. Named after Syrian fighter Ezzedine al-Qassam, who fought against British occupation, the Brigades have played a significant role in enhancing Hamas’s popularity among Palestinians. Mohammed Deif serves as the military commander of the Qassam Brigades, with Marwan Issa as his deputy.
Qassam Brigades’ Strength and Activities:
Estimates suggest that the Qassam Brigades consist of approximately 20,000 to 25,000 members, although the accuracy of this figure remains contested. The Brigades have faced casualties and resource depletion due to Israeli attacks. Despite these challenges, the withdrawal of Israeli troops from Gaza in 2005 provided Hamas an opportunity to rebuild its military wing, with alleged financial support from Iran. The Qassam Brigades deploy various weapons, including rockets and recently introduced drones, relying on strategy, stealth, and an extensive tunnel infrastructure.
Hamas’s Attack on October 7:
Hamas claimed responsibility for the October 7 attack, citing Israeli violations at the Al-Aqsa Mosque compound, escalating settler violence in the West Bank, and East Jerusalem as reasons for their action. Additionally, the group sought to secure the release of Palestinian prisoners held in Israeli jails. Some analysts speculate that the acceleration of Arab-Israeli normalization may have also influenced their actions.
Other Armed Resistance Groups in Gaza:
In addition to the Qassam Brigades, other armed groups in Gaza, such as the Saraya al-Quds Brigades of the Palestinian Islamic Jihad and the Abu Ali Mustafa Brigades of the Popular Front for the Liberation of Palestine, have joined in the armed resistance against Israeli forces.
Conclusion:
As Israel intensifies its efforts to dismantle all branches of Hamas, it is crucial to understand the origins and evolution of the Qassam Brigades. This knowledge provides insight into the dynamics of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict and the complex challenges faced by both sides.