2024-05-02 18:59:22
Achievements of Korea-US joint research team
Precise adjustment of adjuvant molecule placement
Significantly slows the growth of skin cancer tumors in mice
A next-generation cancer vaccine has been developed that applies technology to fold DNA into a specific shape. It is expected that it can be used as a combination therapy to further increase treatment effectiveness by combining with existing cancer immunotherapy.
The Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) announced on the 2nd that the research team led by Ryu Joo-hee, head researcher at the Pharmaceutical Materials Research Center, developed a cancer vaccine ‘DoriVac’ using DNA origami technology in collaboration with the Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and the Harvard Vis Research Institute in the United States.
DNA origami technology is a technology that folds DNA into a specific shape like origami and controls the structure in nm (nanometer, 1 nm is 1 billionth of a meter). A cancer vaccine is a treatment that causes the immune system to identify and attack cancer cell antigens to kill cancer cells. It consists of cancer antigens and an immune booster.
Dorivac is a next-generation cancer vaccine that precisely controls the spatial arrangement of the immune enhancer ‘CpG’. DNA origami technology was applied to a cancer vaccine strategy that simultaneously delivers antigens and adjuvants, and CpGs were arranged in optimal positions.
The research team first placed CpG molecules at intervals of 2.5 to 7 nm on the surface of the DNA nanostructure using DNA origami technology. Through cell experiments, it was also confirmed that the cancer immunotherapy effect was the highest at 3.5nm. When Dorivac, which contains 18 CpG molecules at 3.5 nm intervals, was administered to mice in the early stages of skin cancer formation, a strong immune response occurred and tumor growth was suppressed the most. This means that by adjusting the spatial arrangement of CpG, the vaccine treatment effect can be improved without increasing the amount of adjuvant.
In an animal experiment injecting Dorybaek, 4 out of 5 skin cancer mouse models survived for up to 150 days. All mice that were not injected with Doribag died on the 42nd day, confirming the effect of Doribag on inhibiting the growth of skin cancer cells.
Senior Researcher Ryu said, “The development of Dorivac is an important development that combines nanotechnology and cancer immunotherapy technology. When combined with existing cancer immunotherapy, the treatment effect can be further increased, so it can be used in combination treatment and at the same time, it can be used to treat the patient’s cancer. “We look forward to developing a cancer vaccine tailored to each type of patient.” This study was published online in the latest issue of the international academic journal ‘Nature Nanotechnology’.
Donga Science Reporter Moon Se-young [email protected]
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2024-05-02 18:59:22