Bashar al-Asadthe dictator who has exercised power in syria for 24 years after the 30 in which his father exercised it, arrived this Sunday in MoscowWhere Putin granted him and his family political asylum on “humanitarian grounds”.
Al Assad and his followers fled Damascus last morning, when the alliance of rebel groups was in the lead Hayat Tahrir al-Shama jihadist group considered a terrorist association in much of the world has begun entering the Syrian capital.
Hayat Tahrir al Sham and the rest of the rebel groups that support them have seized power in damascus after a lightning offensive that took them in less than two weeks from the north of the country to the capital and before which the Syrian army controlled by Al Assad collapsed like a house of cards.
Celebrations in Damascus
While, celebrations among the fighters with some shots in the air and groups of citizens marked the first day in Damascus without the Al Assad family in power after 53 years. In the Syrian capital,however,silence reigned after the curfew imposed overnight by the insurgents.
By midday the streets were filled with people and rebel fighters shooting into the air to celebrate the fall of Bashar al-Assad.There was also a large presence of fighters in the famous Plaza de los Omeyas, as well as many citizens who came to celebrate, according to EFE.
How might the humanitarian situation in Syria evolve in the wake of the regime change?
Interview with Dr. Sarah hamza, Middle East Political Analyst
Q: Thank you for joining us, Dr. Hamza. With Bashar al-Assad fleeing to Moscow and receiving political asylum from Putin after 24 years of power, what does this mean for the future of Syria?
A: Thank you for having me. Al-Assad’s departure marks a meaningful turning point in Syrian history.His dictatorship has been deeply rooted in the country for over two decades, building on his father’s legacy. The accomplished offensive by rebel groups, particularly Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, indicates a major shift in power dynamics within Syria. The implications are manifold, as this may led to greater fragmentation of power among various factions and perhaps lay the groundwork for future governance models.
Q: You mentioned Hayat Tahrir al-Sham’s role in this shift. Can you elaborate on the group’s rise and the significance of their capture of Damascus?
A: certainly. Hayat Tahrir al-Sham has transformed from a mere player in the civil war to a formidable force, particularly with their rapid advance from the north to Damascus. Their takeover is significant for several reasons. Firstly, it disrupts the long-standing control al-Assad had over the capital. Secondly, it showcases the collapse of the Syrian army, which has been a vital instrument of al-Assad’s power. The speed of this offensive,completed in less than two weeks,shines a spotlight on the vulnerabilities within the regime’s military capabilities.
Q: There have been reports of celebrations in Damascus following al-Assad’s departure. How do you assess the public sentiment in Syria now that the regime has fallen?
A: Public sentiment appears to be mixed. On one hand, there was a clear expression of relief and jubilation among those celebrating the end of over five decades of al-Assad family rule. The celebratory gunfire and gatherings in iconic locations like the Plaza de los Omeyas reflect a desire for change among manny citizens. However, the imposition of a curfew by the insurgents raises concerns about the immediate stability in the region and the future governance structure. The transition coudl be tumultuous,as various factions vie for power.
Q: What potential challenges might arise in the aftermath of al-Assad’s fall?
A: The challenges are significant. While the military defeat of al-Assad is a milestone, it raises questions about who will fill the power vacuum.Fragmentation among rebel factions could lead to infighting, and groups like Hayat Tahrir al-Sham, although currently celebrated, have complex foreign credentials and ideological commitments that could influence their governance. Furthermore, we have to consider the humanitarian aspect; the conflict has created a dire situation with millions displaced, and rebuilding will take time, resources, and stable leadership.
Q: For our readers who want to understand the broader implications, what advice would you give them to stay informed about Syria’s evolving landscape?
A: Staying informed requires following multiple reliable sources, especially those with a deep understanding of Middle Eastern geopolitics.Readers should look for analyses that provide context beyond the headlines, such as the ancient relationships between Syrian factions, the role of foreign powers like Russia and the U.S., and the ongoing humanitarian needs. Engaging with academic publications and reports by credible NGOs can also provide insights into the on-ground realities affecting Syrian citizens post-regime.
Q: what do you see as the most critical factor for Syria’s stability moving forward?
A: The most critical factor will be the establishment of a legitimate and inclusive governance structure. This means that it’s not enough to simply replace one dictator with another. Various factions, ethnic groups, and civil society must be incorporated into the political process. International support and oversight may also play a crucial role in guiding this transition. Without an inclusive approach, the risk of rekindling violence and instability remains high.
Q: thank you, Dr. Hamza, for your valuable insights on the implications of Bashar al-Assad’s fall and what it means for Syria’s future.
A: Thank you for allowing me to share my thoughts. It’s a significant moment for Syria, and we all hope for a peaceful and stable resolution in the years to come.
