Ecology: the programs of the 2022 presidential candidates

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Storm Harvey in the United States in 2017, the Amazon on fire in 2019, Australia trapped by flames in 2020… The years of the presidential mandate which are coming to an end in France have all been marked by revealing signs of a beleaguered climate. And the IPCC report, the second part of which published in February reports 3.3 billion people “very vulnerable” to climate change and its “irreversible” impacts, obliges political actors to deal, out of conviction or necessity, of these themes.

The presidential candidates know it: they cannot depart from the theme of the century. Le Parisien has listed their proposals in this area for you.

Nathalie Arthaud’s proposals

Prohibit hunting with hounds
End intensive farming and slaughter
Engage in a concerted policy on a planetary scale

Nicolas Dupont-Aignan’s proposals

Invest 3 billion euros in a major home insulation program by doubling the thermal insulation effort targeted for 2022
Launch a major plan to fight against plastic pollution of the oceans
Totally renationalize EDF and maintain nuclear at 70% of minimum electricity production
Create a national fund to help animal protection associations and support the holding of the Referendum for Animals
Stop installing wind turbines
Multiply the resources devoted to thermal insulation by six
Establish a bonus-malus favorable to electric vehicles

Anne Hidalgo’s proposals

Deploy one million terminals to charge electric vehicles, primarily in rural areas
Provide individuals with electric cars for hire at a monthly cost lower than the cost of a gasoline-powered vehicle
Create a zero interest loan for sustainable mobility
Reduce VAT for train travel
Taxing air journeys for which a rail alternative exists
Include in the Constitution the protection of biodiversity, the obligation to fight against global warming and the principle of non-regression in terms of environmental protection
Appoint number two of the government a Minister of Climate, Biodiversity and the Economy
Ban neonicotinoids from the first 100 days of the five-year term
Create a “Solidarity Tax on Climate and Biodiversity Wealth” and overtax investments in fossil fuels
Regulate rents according to the energy performance of the housing occupied
Achieving 100% renewable energy, using nuclear power during the transition period but without building EPRs or modular reactors
Halve CO2 emissions from the industrial sector
Launch the “animal welfare meeting”
Introduce a bonus for renovating housing
Ban neonicotinoids
Recognize the crime of ecocide
Create a post of Defender of the Environment, in the same way as that of Defender of Rights
Expand the European Just Transition Fund
Support the creation of an International Criminal Court for the Environment

Yannick Jadot’s proposals

Achieve 40% protected areas on land, prohibit mining exploration of the seabed, sanctuary 30% of marine areas and 10% of forests by leaving them to evolve freely
Prohibit clear cutting in old growth forests
Stop the artificialization of soils
Prohibit hunting with hounds and hunting during weekends, public holidays and school holidays
Remove fences around forests
Recover 65% of organic waste by 2025
Ban single-use plastic by 2030
Consign glass from 2025
Set a target of 50% bulk sales in supermarkets by 2030
Nationalize EDF and renegotiate the rules of the European market
Deploy 3,000 onshore wind turbines and 340 km2 of additional solar panels before 2027. Produce 32 TWh of biogas, thanks to the development of small methanizers
Implement “social energy pricing” aimed at offering the first KWh to the poorest. 6 million of them will receive an energy check of €400
Shut down 10 nuclear reactors by 2035, phase out nuclear power
Create a ministry dedicated to animal welfare and recognize the fundamental rights of animals
Achieve carbon neutrality by 2050
Develop wind turbines and photovoltaics
Investing 10 billion euros per year for the renovation of buildings and public services
Ban neonicotinoids and glyphosate
Recognize the crime of “ecocide”
Prohibit the sale of new vehicles with fossil fuel from 2030
Strengthen marine protected areas
Create a climate ISF and lower VAT on ecological products and services

Jean Lassalle’s proposals

Relaunch research, adopt and develop solar and sea energy
Defend hunting and fishing
Stop wind power
Freeing yourself from European directives relating to the conservation of nature

Marine Le Pen’s proposals

Stop wind projects, gradually dismantle existing parks and end subsidies to the wind power sector
Reviving the nuclear and hydroelectric sector
Invest in hydrogen
Leaving the European electricity market
Subsidize the replacement of oil-fired boilers
Do not ban hunting

Emmanuel Macron’s proposals

Build fifty offshore wind farms by 2050
Multiply our “solar power” by 10
Investing in green hydrogen, electric and hybrid vehicles, and the first low-carbon aircraft
Carbon tax at Europe’s borders to avoid unfair competition.
Plant 140 million trees
Make the remuneration of the managers of large companies obligatorily dependent on compliance with the company’s environmental and social objectives.
Clean up old landfills.
Massively reduce waste exports, by developing French industrial recycling channels.

Jean-Luc Mélenchon’s proposals

Investing 200 billion euros for the ecological transition
Inscribe in the Constitution a “green” rule which would prohibit the withdrawal of more resources than nature is capable of replenishing and a “blue” rule following the same principle for water withdrawals
Prohibit clear cuts of trees “except in the event of a health impasse”
Leave 25% of the surface of the French forest without human intervention
Protect 30% of French maritime territory
Make the Overseas Territories pilot territories for ecological planning and short circuits
Set a national target of a 65% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions by 2030 and publish an annual report
Oblige companies to implement carbon accounting tracing all their emissions, direct and indirect
Create an Ecological Planning Council
Launch major ecological projects that provide jobs: clean up the oceans and seas, renovate water and rail networks, modernize high-voltage lines
Create a public repair and reuse service
Ban single-use plastics “immediately”
Replace the instruction on the glass
Mandate recycling, composting or incineration where possible
Reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 65% by 2030
Ban intensive factory farming, hunting and cruel practices on animals
Maintain offshore wind projects
Launch an energy renovation plan and fight against substandard housing
Ban the most dangerous pesticides
Promote an international law of marine biodiversity
Reduce the use of private cars

Valérie Pécresse’s proposals

Commit to a 0 plastic objective by signing an agreement with Mediterranean countries on the subject of plastic pollution at sea
Provide zones where the installation of wind turbines is prohibited
Put 10% of the maritime territory under strong protection
Prohibit the sale of new thermal-only vehicles from 2035, prohibit the sale of hybrids in 2040 and develop French production of electric vehicles
Reinvest in existing nuclear power plants, launch six new EPRs, restart the Astrid 4th generation reactor project
Develop all renewable energies and the means to store them
Develop financial incentives rather than taxes to decarbonize household consumption
Create a green booklet by merging the booklet A with the sustainable development book to finance the ecological transition
Achieve carbon neutrality by 2050
Allow residents to refuse wind projects
Refuse the pesticide-free strategy
Decarbonizing public and individual transport

Philippe Poutou’s proposals

Create public energy services by nationalizing EDF, Engie, Veolia and Total
Stop nuclear power in ten years

Fabien Roussel’s proposals

Orient energy policy towards a 100% public and 100% carbon-free mix
Achieve carbon neutrality by 2050
Build 8 EPRs and relaunch the ASTRID project
Establish a moratorium on the closures of the 14 reactors planned by 2035
Propose a global treaty to protect the seabed
Create new nature reserves by reaching 30% protected areas on land and at sea
Develop rail and river freight, in particular via a plan for the industrial reconquest of the rail sector
Challenging free trade agreements by heavily taxing imports of food products that do not meet the same health and environmental standards as those required of French producers
Remove anti-ecological tax loopholes
Exclude the most polluting companies from public procurement
Define a plan to fight against plastic pollution aimed at reducing the use of plastic and promoting recycling
Prevent the development of factory farms
Legislate to require energy renovation by 2040
Create a European agency for the approval of natural alternatives to pesticides and insecticides and get out of the use of chemicals
Support the moratorium of the International Union for the Conservation of Nature (IUCN), in Marseille, on the exploitation of the seabed
Offer a conversion bonus of 10,000 euros for a “clean” car
Maintain hunting license.

Eric Zemmour’s proposals

Prohibit any new wind turbine construction project, on land or at sea
Increase penalties for illegal dumping
Ban exports of raw wood
Put an end to thermal colanders
Robotize to limit pesticides and the use of foreign labor
Develop an industrial sector to better recycle plastics
Sanctuarize the practice of hunting

Methodology: for each of your answers, our simulator gives you more or less points compared to each candidate. At the end of the questionnaire, we offer you a list of candidates, starting with the one with whom you have the most points of agreement on all the questions asked. This “ranking” is obviously to be taken as an indication, given that it is not exhaustive, even if we have ensured the variety of questions. To give you a definitive opinion, we invite you in particular to consult all the programs of the candidates. You can find them here or on official sites.