Landmark Study Uncovers Hundreds of Genes Linked to Type 2 Diabetes, Highlighting Importance of Tissue-Specific Analysis
A global study identified hundreds of genes and proteins likely causing Type 2 diabetes, many missed by blood-onyl research. Published in Nature Metabolism in July 2026, the findings emphasize tissue-specific analysis and genetic diversity.
Researchers analyzed data from over 2.5 million people, treating genetic information as a “natural experiment.” Comparing seven tissues and four ancestries revealed blood analysis offers an incomplete picture.
“This work demonstrates just how vital tissue context truly is,” said a researcher.
Key Findings – Type 2 diabetes affects multiple organs-fat, liver, muscle, and pancreas-not just blood. 676 genes showed a causal link, but only 18% were detectable in blood.
Global Impact – the study used data from diverse populations, revealing 335 genes and 46 proteins directly influence risk. Some associations were universal, others emerged only with inclusive data.
Researchers say the findings advance prevention and treatment strategies. The study was led by the University of Massachusetts Amherst and Helmholtz Munich.
Source – University of Massachusetts Amherst
Journal Reference – Bocher, O., et al. (2026). Unravelling the molecular mechanisms causal to type 2 diabetes across global populations and disease-relevant tissues. Nature Metabolism. doi: 10.1038/s42255-025-01444-1.
