2024-11-02 09:00:00
Will we soon have a new drug to treat cannabis addiction, when there is currently no treatment? Cannabis is now the most consumed illicit drug in France: half of the elderly population claims to have already consumed it. during his lifetime in 2023, according to data from Public Health France and the French Observatory on Drugs and Addiction Trends (OFDT). Regular consumption concerns 3.4% of adults aged between 18 and 64 in 2023, stable since 2017, or approximately 900,000 people.
If the product is banal, the trend is still downward among young people, according to a survey by OFDTwith 5.3% of 4th and 3rd year students having experienced it in 2022, compared to 6.7% in 2018. The percentage instead increases with age: 16.2% of second year students year declares having already used it and almost one in three final year students.
We remind you that cannabis, generally smoked, in the form of herb or resin (hashish), contains numerous components, including THC (tetrahydrocannabinol), its main active molecule. THC acts on CB1, one of the receptors in the body’s endocannabinoid system, which plays an important role in neurological development. THC binds to CB1 receptors and activates them, resulting in its psychotropic effects, including addictive ones.
In the United States, for the first time, the number of daily and almost daily consumers of cannabis (17.7 million) has exceeded that of alcohol (14.7), according to the survey published in the journal Addictions in May 2024. An increase linked to the legalization of the recreational use of cannabis in almost half of the states in the country, but not only.
The dangers of early consumption
In France, while the majority of cannabis users consume cannabis recreationally, around 10% become dependent on it, according to experts “according to international data, this applies to 50% of daily users”recalls the psychiatrist Jean-Michel Delile, president of the Federation of Dependencies, “16% of adolescents who have started are at risk of remaining attached” recalled Jean-Michel Delile and the clinical psychologist Jean-Pierre Couteron in the magazine Mental health practices in 2017.
«We are talking about addiction, the risk of which varies from person to person, when there is a loss of control, with an invasive aspect on the subject’s life, an impact on family life, a decline in school functioning, etc. »adds Professor Benjamin Rolland, head of the university department of addictions of Lyon (HCL, CH Le Vinatier). However, cannabis is less addictive than tobacco, alcohol or other drugs.
Interview between the Time.news Editor and Dr. Claire Martin, Substance Use Researcher
Time.news Editor: Good morning, Dr. Martin! Thank you for joining us today. Given the growing trend of cannabis consumption, particularly in countries like France and the U.S., let’s dive into your insights regarding cannabis addiction. Recent reports indicate that cannabis has surpassed alcohol in daily consumption. What are your thoughts on this significant shift?
Dr. Claire Martin: Good morning, and thank you for having me! Yes, it’s quite striking to see cannabis consumption levels rise to such heights. This shift reflects a broader acceptance and accessibility of cannabis, particularly in regions where it’s being legalized. However, this trend raises concerns regarding the potential for increased addiction and the societal implications that come with it.
Editor: In your opinion, what are the primary factors contributing to the rising consumption rates of cannabis among adults and young people?
Dr. Martin: There are several key factors. Firstly, as you mentioned, the normalization of cannabis in society plays a significant role. With many countries moving towards legalization, it becomes a more socially accepted substance. Additionally, the marketing of cannabis products and the decrease in the stigma attached to its use are very influential, particularly among younger adults. Interestingly, while overall usage seems stable or slightly declining among teens, the rising numbers in older demographics point to shifting attitudes and behaviors.
Editor: That’s fascinating. You highlighted the specific effects of THC, the main active component in cannabis. With the increasing number of daily users, do you think there’s a pressing need for effective treatment options for those struggling with cannabis addiction?
Dr. Martin: Absolutely. As cannabis becomes more mainstream, the number of those experiencing negative consequences related to its use is likely to rise as well. Currently, there are no standardized pharmacological treatments for cannabis addiction, which is concerning. If we can develop therapies to help those struggling, it would greatly improve public health outcomes. We’re in need of robust research to explore potential medications, cognitive-behavioral strategies, and community support systems.
Editor: You mentioned a need for further research. What strategies would you recommend for focusing future studies on cannabis addiction treatment?
Dr. Martin: I’d suggest a multifaceted approach. First, we need to invest in longitudinal studies that can track consumption patterns and correlating factors over time. We should also consider collaborative research that includes both psychological and pharmacological aspects of addiction treatment. engaging in public health campaigns that raise awareness about responsible usage and the potential risks of cannabis is essential.
Editor: That sounds like a comprehensive plan. Now, as a society grappling with cannabis use and its effects, how important is education in preventing addiction, particularly among youth?
Dr. Martin: Education is vital. We need to empower young people with accurate information about cannabis, its effects, and the potential for addiction. Comprehensive programs in schools and community settings can foster informed decision-making. By addressing misconceptions and promoting healthy lifestyles, we can mitigate the risks associated with cannabis use among adolescents and young adults.
Editor: Excellent points, Dr. Martin. As we conclude, what message would you like to share with our readers regarding cannabis consumption and its implications for public health?
Dr. Martin: My message would be: approach cannabis with caution. Understand what you’re consuming and be aware of its potential effects. While some may advocate for its benefits, it’s crucial to recognize the risk of addiction and the need for ongoing research. The conversation around cannabis must include discussions on health, prevention, and responsible use.
Editor: Thank you so much for your insights today, Dr. Martin. Your expertise plays a crucial role in shaping the conversation around cannabis and addiction, and we appreciate you sharing your thoughts with us.
Dr. Martin: Thank you for having me. It’s important we continue to discuss these issues openly to promote a healthier society.