Ancient Rocks Excavated in Israel Show Early Humans’ Attempts at Achieving Perfect Geometry
Archaeologists have discovered ancient limestone spheroids at the ‘Ubeidiya prehistoric site in Israel that show deliberate shaping and improvement over time, suggesting early humans had a specific goal of achieving perfect roundness. The rocks, estimated to be around 1.4 million years old, were found to become increasingly spherical the more they were worked on by their creators.
The purpose of these spherical objects, also known as spheroids, has remained a mystery in prehistoric archaeology. Some theories suggest they were used as thrown projectiles, while others propose they were used for smashing bones to extract marrow. However, the recent findings do not provide a definite answer to their function, but rather shed light on the intention behind creating them in such a precise manner.
The research, led by archaeologist Antoine Muller from the Hebrew University of Jerusalem, involved studying 150 spheroids recovered from the ‘Ubeidiya site. Using high-resolution 3D scanning technology, the team generated mesh models of the objects to analyze their surface angles, centers of mass, and curvature without causing any damage to the originals. Mathematical functions known as spherical harmonics were also employed to reconstruct the shape of each spheroid and analyze the surface scars.
The data revealed that the spheroids were intentionally shaped, with the creators carefully removing material from specific points on the surface to achieve a rounder shape. However, contrary to expectations, the rocks did not become smoother as they were worked on, indicating a deliberate decision by the makers.
According to Muller and his colleagues, the intentional production of these sphere-like objects demonstrates the desire and achievement of intentional geometry and symmetry in stone tools by early humans at ‘Ubeidiya. The research suggests a cognitive process and the existence of complex formal technology during that time period, making these spheroids the earliest known attempt at imposing symmetrical geometry on stone tools.
Although the purpose of these spheroids remains unknown, the findings highlight the advanced skills and cognitive abilities of early humans. The research has been published in the journal Royal Society Open Science.
This discovery adds to the fascination surrounding these enigmatic objects, which have been found in various sites across Africa, Asia, and the Middle East dating back as far as 2 million years ago. Further exploration and analysis are needed to uncover the true purpose behind these ancient creations.