Artificial Intelligence Competitiveness Will Become National Competitiveness, ‘Sovereign AI’ Is Rising

The purpose is to check the excessive influence of AI services created overseas.

‘Sovereign AI’ is an artificial intelligence (AI) developed by a country with its own data and infrastructure, reflecting its own language and culture. Its importance is growing in terms of restraining the excessive influence of foreign AI services. [GETTYIMAGES]

The concept of national sovereignty is expanding to not only digital data but also the realm of artificial intelligence (AI). The recognition that data sovereignty is important for national security and the economy is no longer unfamiliar. In 2018, the European Union (EU) implemented the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR). Its main purpose is to apply national laws to the management of digital data such as intellectual property and personal information collected in EU member states. This was also a ‘digital sovereignty declaration’ that the data left by citizens in the internet space should be protected from being leaked to foreign companies or governments.

‘Sovereign AI’ Beyond Data Sovereignty

Choi Soo-yeon, CEO of Naver, announced the generative AI ‘Hyperclova X’ in August last year. [뉴스1]

The movement to establish digital sovereignty in the AI ​​field is leading to discussions on ‘sovereign AI’. Sovereign AI refers to AI developed by a country with its own data and infrastructure, reflecting its own language and culture. In that sense, sovereign AI can be said to be a broader concept than data sovereignty. It is intended to go beyond simply passively protecting data and to check the excessive influence of AI services created abroad. Improving digital technology independence and securing transparency in AI algorithm management are also characteristics of sovereign AI.
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Starting with ChatGPT, advanced countries including the United States are leading AI technology today. In the future, AI will be applied to almost all digital fields. Big tech companies in advanced countries are already introducing AI technology to their services one after another. In other words, the application of AI to services and content on global platforms means that not only the technology of the country that created the AI, but also its culture and values ​​are reflected. We cannot rule out the possibility that content may be distorted according to the political and commercial intentions of a specific country or company. In the long term, cultural identity may be shaken not only in the digital space but also offline.
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The world’s interest in sovereign AI has also been largely driven by practical needs such as security and economy. For example, if AI technology developed by other countries is applied to the military, national security may be threatened depending on the algorithm or data processing method. Even before AI gained attention, there were concerns that foreign digital products and components should not be installed in military equipment.
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Above all, we cannot ignore the enormous economic effects of AI itself. The gap in investment scale between AI and non-AI industries is already widening in the global investment market. Depending on how high-level AI technology is applied, the gap in competitiveness in not only the digital sector but also legacy industries such as manufacturing will inevitably grow. If we unilaterally depend on foreign AI technology, the side effects will spread to virtually all economic sectors. In short, countries that establish and supply AI technology standards will become increasingly wealthy, while countries that do not will become increasingly disadvantaged, accelerating the AI ​​rich-get-richer and poor-get-poorer phenomenon.

Government-level mid- to long-term AI strategy needed

Securing sovereign AI is emerging as an essential strategy that goes beyond simply securing IT competitiveness to protect the nation’s long-term prosperity, independence, and even cultural identity. Just as data sovereignty protection, which started with personal information protection, has been legislated in countries around the world, securing sovereign AI, a more comprehensive concept, is also expected to be pursued as a national task by many countries.
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In this situation, how should Korea secure sovereign AI? Above all, the technological competitiveness of Korean companies that are still latecomers in the AI ​​market must be increased. Furthermore, the government also needs to prepare a mid- to long-term AI strategy.

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#Artificial Intelligence #Sovereign AI

Kim Ji-hyun Tech Writer

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2024-09-17 03:06:57