2023-09-06 23:53:01
Title: Mosquito-borne Dengue Fever: A Global Concern for Travelers, Even in Europe
Subtitle: CRM Center for Travel Medicine Raises Awareness about Dengue Transmission and Prevention
Date: [Current Date]
Mosquito species known for transmitting dengue fever are primarily encountered by travelers in tropical regions across Asia, South America, and Africa. However, recent cases have highlighted the risk of mosquito-borne infections in unexpected areas, even in Europe. The CRM Center for Travel Medicine is drawing attention to this emerging concern, particularly on the Portuguese island of Madeira.
In Germany alone, several hundred to over a thousand imported dengue infections are reported each year. Alarmingly, almost one-third of those affected had recently traveled to Thailand, indicating the prevalence of the disease in this popular tourist destination.
Notably, not every dengue infection manifests with noticeable symptoms. According to the CRM, only around one-fourth of the cases present with any signs of illness. When symptoms do occur, they often begin with a sudden, high fever, accompanied by body aches and headaches that may be localized behind the eyes. Additionally, flat skin rashes resembling sunburn can manifest.
Dr. Tomas Jelinek, the scientific director of the CRM, explains that the fever typically subsides within four to five days. However, if it persists or occurs intermittently, it may point to dengue infection. It is also crucial to note that symptoms can appear more than two weeks after returning from the trip, as the incubation period for dengue is usually four to seven days, with occasional instances of longer durations.
Approximately one percent of those affected experience severe courses of the disease, according to the CRM. This occurs when the infection causes fine blood vessels to become permeable, allowing tissue fluid to enter the bloodstream. Warning signs of severe cases include abdominal pain, persistent vomiting, shortness of breath, and mucous membrane bleeding, such as bleeding gums.
The CRM emphasizes that particular attention should be paid to the appearance of these symptoms around the fifth day of illness. If severe cases are left untreated, they can be life-threatening. Notably, it is reassuring to know that the first dengue infection rarely takes a severe course.
To protect themselves, travelers visiting areas where dengue is transmitted should ensure they have effective mosquito repellent. Applying repellents directly to the skin and wearing protective clothing can significantly reduce the risk of mosquito bites.
Furthermore, two vaccines against dengue fever are available, including one suitable for travelers. The European Medicines Agency (EMA) approved the vaccine Qdenga for adults and children aged four and above at the end of 2022. Currently, the Stiko Standing Vaccination Committee is evaluating the possibility of issuing a vaccination recommendation specifically for travelers to dengue-prone areas.
As the threat of dengue transmission expands globally, it is essential for travelers to remain vigilant, take necessary precautions, and stay informed about preventative measures recommended by health authorities. By doing so, individuals can reduce the risk of contracting dengue fever and contribute to curbing its spread.]
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