New Study Challenges Notions of Ultra-Processed Foods
In the ongoing debate about the healthiness of processed versus whole foods, a new study from scientists at the USDA aims to challenge some common beliefs. The study suggests that the degree to which a food is “processed” does not necessarily determine its nutritional value.
The classification of “ultra-processed” foods is based on the NOVA scale, which takes into account the presence of additives not typically found in home kitchens, as well as foods that are sold in a ready-to-eat state. However, this scale has resulted in some contradictions. For example, liquor is considered ultra-processed, while wine is not. Similarly, a burger is classified as ultra-processed, but a steak with a roll on the side is not, even if they are made with the same ingredients.
Many foods commonly found in grocery stores, even those with minimal ingredients and good nutritional profiles, meet the definition of ultra-processed. To demonstrate this, the scientists at the USDA created a three-day menu that adhered to nearly all dietary guidelines using ingredients that fall under the ultra-processed category.
The study aims to emphasize the importance of following established dietary guidelines, such as the Dietary Guidelines for Americans, which provide a solid framework for building a healthy diet. These guidelines include recommendations for consuming a variety of vegetables, fruits, whole grains, dairy, proteins, and oils.
Interestingly, the sample menu created by the USDA using primarily ultra-processed foods met most of the criteria for a healthy diet. Although it contained slightly higher sodium levels than ideal and lacked sufficient whole grains, it was deemed to be close to meeting the standards for a healthy diet.
The findings of this study suggest that healthy dietary patterns can include a significant portion of energy from ultra-processed foods and still receive a high diet quality score, while providing adequate amounts of macro- and micronutrients. This challenges the notion that all processed foods should be avoided in pursuit of a healthy diet.
Overall, the study highlights the need for a more nuanced understanding of processed foods and emphasizes the importance of following established dietary guidelines rather than relying solely on the degree of processing when making food choices.