2023-06-22 08:34:00
Carthage was an ancient civilization in the Mediterranean region, which existed from 814 to 146 BC. The Carthaginian civilization was named after its Capital, the Carthaginian Citadel of the Carthaginians.
Carthage’s predecessor was a self-separated and independent Phoenician city-state in 814 BC. The Phoenician queen Alissar, after being overthrown by her brother Pygmalion, had to travel to the territories of North Africa, establish Carthage Citadel and later gather more than 300 other Phoenician cities in the Western Mediterranean region. to establish his own kingdom. The Citadel of Carthage flourished and later became a “shining city” in the region.
The Carthaginian Empire possessed a warlike army.
Economically, the Carthaginians relied heavily on sea trade, like the Phoenicians before them. The Carthaginians also had a fairly developed agriculture at that time when they had used iron tools and had a fairly reasonable agricultural crop structure. The Carthaginians also had developed handicrafts with industries such as weaving, wool, cotton, agarwood, and jewelry making.
Regarding religion, the Carthaginians, like the Phoenician civilization, also had a polytheistic religious system. The two supreme gods are Goddess Tanit and Male god Baal Hammon. Along with that are many other gods that govern each area of life. The religious structures and cults of the Carthaginians were similar to those of the Phoenicians and Greeks.
Militarily, the Carthaginian army was a strong force in the region at that time. The Carthaginian army had a strong fleet of warships in the Western Mediterranean region. Their army is famous for its powerful North African war elephants and Hoplite infantry with Greek-style Phalanx formations.
The Carthaginian–Greek War, also known as the Sicilian War, was the first major and prolonged war the Carthaginians fought. The war lasted from 600 to 265 BC with the victory going to the Carthaginians. The Carthaginians then took control of half of Sicily from the Greeks and natives.
The Carthaginian Empire once exerted great influence in the Mediterranean region.
It was the Romans and Carthaginians who were really rivals at that time. General Hannibal and the Carthaginian war elephants were once a terrifying obsession for Rome. However, after the Pyrrhic War and the 3 Tunic Wars, Carthage began to weaken. The 3rd Punic War (149-146 BC) ended when the Romans successfully conquered Carthage. From here the Carthaginians officially lost their own civilization.
After successfully conquering Carthage, the Romans proceeded to exterminate the Carthaginians (killing men, selling women and children into slavery), razing Carthaginian citadels, buildings, and cultural facilities, and building reconstructed from scratch the province of Carthage in the Roman Republic.
Remnants of the Carthaginian civilization.
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