2023-07-25 04:00:03
According to the WHO, the prevalence of obesity and overweight worldwide has quadrupled over the past four decades.
Mayo Clinic conducted a pilot study to identify the efficacy of a new personalized obesity treatment.
The researchers compared whether diet and lifestyle interventions tailored to obesity phenotypes would work better than standard lifestyle interventions in losing weight.
The lifestyle of the majority of the population on the planet has been completely transformed. A sedentary lifestyle and a diet based on ultra-processed products are becoming more common. As a result, there has been an exponential increase in the obesity and to offer a solution now a personalized treatment is proposed, but what does it consist of?
In a pilot study of 165 people, Mayo Clinic researchers analyzed the effectiveness of two different approaches to weight loss. A standard lifestyle intervention and individualized treatment. The standard lifestyle intervention included reduced diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy.
The individualized approach was based on phenotypes and included different interventions depending on the person’s predominant underlying cause of obesity. A phenotype-based diet takes into account a person’s genetic and phenotypic characteristics to create a personalized eating plan aimed at optimizing health and well-being.
The researchers compared whether dietary and lifestyle interventions tailored to obesity phenotypes would work better than standard lifestyle interventions on weight loss, cardiometabolic risk factors, and physical variables that contribute to obesity.
New individualized treatment against obesity
Cardiometabolic health describes the connection between the heart and blood vessels with the energy and chemical processes of the body. Covers a wide range of disorders and risk factors that contribute to heart disease and heart disease. metabolic syndrome.
In adults with obesity, phenotype-tailored lifestyle interventions led to greater weight loss than standard lifestyle interventions of low-calorie diet, exercise, and behavioral therapy.
Findings after 12 weeks included the following:
People who used phenotype-tailored lifestyle interventions had better outcomes in treating their obesity than those who used standard lifestyle interventions. The phenotype-focused group of patients had more substantial weight loss, decreased waist circumference, decreased triglycerides, decreased daily caloric intake, and less anxiety. They had a significant increase in percentage lean body mass. They also had a smaller decrease in the number of calories the body requires during resting conditions.
“The results highlight the importance of identifying the underlying cause of obesity as a complex disease with many factors,” says Andrés Acosta, Ph.D.
What is a phenotype-tailored intervention?
Obesity phenotypes are based on disease cause and behavioral components, and include the following three main areas:
Homeostatic feeding: eating in response to a perceived need for energy by the brain. Hedonic eating behavior: consuming food for pleasure, not for physical feelings of hunger or energy needs. Abnormal energy expenditure: The number of calories burned in 24 hours compared to an average person.
Four applicable phenotypes from these areas include abnormal satiety, as measured by calories eaten until unpleasantly full; abnormal duration of satiety; emotional eating behavior; and abnormal energy expenditure at rest.
The researchers reported that people using the phenotype-tailored lifestyle interventions showed considerable improvement in some specific areas, such as abnormal satiety and emotional eating.
Opportunities for future research
Dr. Acosta says more research is needed to assess the long-term effect of a phenotype-based approach. In particular, other studies may need to look at other physical and metabolic variables to understand people without an identified phenotype.
Also read:
Multidisciplinary treatment against obesity, what does it consist of?
Patients avoid obesity treatments for these reasons
Psychology, an essential pillar for the treatment against obesity
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