New Sub-Variants of COVID-19 Spreading Across the United States
As the COVID-19 pandemic continues, new variants of the virus are emerging and spreading, highlighting the need for continued caution and preparedness. This summer, two new sub-variants of the original COVID-19 strain have been identified in the United States, including EG. 5, also known as Eris, and BA.2.86.
The good news is that these new variants are not more dangerous compared to earlier strains. According to CBS News, hospitalizations and COVID-19 related deaths are still far below previous peaks, thanks to increased accessibility to COVID-19 tests and vaccines. However, in the last week, there has been a slight uptick in hospitalizations and deaths related to COVID-19, according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC). This serves as a reminder that COVID caution should not be disregarded.
Dr. Michelle Prickett, MD, a critical care medicine specialist at Northwestern Medical Group, reassures the public that there is no need to panic. She emphasizes that there will continue to be new variants but that there are already knowledge and tools available to keep infection rates low.
One of the new variants, Eris, is currently responsible for about 20.6 percent of COVID-19 infections in the United States, according to the CDC. It is considered a “variant of interest” and has a notable mutation that allows it to evade antibodies and vaccines. However, it is important to note that Eris is not any more dangerous than other variants, and it is categorized as “low risk” by the World Health Organization.
The symptoms associated with the new variants are similar to those of earlier strains. These symptoms include cough, headache, muscle aches, sore throat, fatigue, fever or chills, congestion or runny nose, nausea or vomiting, diarrhea, and shortness of breath or difficulty breathing. Eris is detected and treated similarly to other variants.
Another variant to be aware of is BA.2.86, which has been identified in seven cases worldwide. This variant has a larger number of mutations, particularly in the spike protein, which the virus uses to infect. It is too early to determine if BA.2.86 is more infectious or impactful than other variants.
Currently, there is no need for boosters if individuals are already up-to-date on their vaccines. However, a formulaically updated booster is being developed, targeting the XBB 1.16 variant, which is a descendant of Omicron. These updated boosters may be available in late September 2023, pending FDA approval and recommendations from the CDC.
If individuals test positive for COVID-19, they should isolate for at least five days, preferably 10 days, or until they begin testing negative. Prescription antivirals like Paxlovid are also recommended as a course of treatment, particularly if taken early in the course of the infection.
Testing remains crucial in containing the spread of the new variants. Early and frequent testing is encouraged, and individuals experiencing symptoms should consider retesting if their initial test comes back negative. In addition to testing, maintaining good hygiene practices, such as hand-washing and wearing masks, as well as improving air ventilation, can help reduce the risk of transmission.
It is essential for the public to stay informed and continue following recommended guidelines to protect themselves and others from COVID-19.