Poland’s Democracy Under Threat as Controversial Election Approaches
Poland is set to hold a crucial election on Sunday, with the outcome determining whether the ruling Law and Justice party, accused of undermining democracy, will retain power. However, concerns have been raised about the fairness and freedom of the election, which has been overshadowed by state-controlled media, new electoral rules, and a controversial referendum.
Since coming to power in 2015, the right-wing populist Law and Justice party has faced criticism from EU allies for politicizing the judiciary, controlling the media, and eroding minority rights. Opposition leader Donald Tusk has promised to restore the rule of law in Poland and reconcile with Brussels.
The election is expected to be a tight race, with analysts predicting the formation of a coalition government, due to no party securing a clear majority. The outcome will be closely observed not only in Europe, where Poland’s diplomatic clashes have caused divisions, but also in the United States, which has strengthened its ties with Poland since Russia’s invasion of Ukraine in 2022.
However, concerns have been raised about the distortion of Polish voters’ intentions due to state-controlled media, new electoral rules, and a controversial referendum. The Law and Justice party has utilized its hold over the media to ensure disproportionately favorable campaign coverage, while attacking the opposition. The public broadcaster, Telewizja Polska (TVP), which received significant government funds, allocated 80 percent of its political airtime to the ruling coalition and only 20 percent to opposition parties.
Furthermore, the government’s decision to hold a referendum alongside the parliamentary election has raised eyebrows. The referendum consists of loaded questions aimed at promoting support for Law and Justice while spreading misinformation about the opposition. Critics argue that the referendum allows the government to bypass campaign finance restrictions and use state resources to disseminate non-neutral election information.
Concerns have also been raised about changes to the electoral code, which have increased the number of polling stations and provided free transportation for elderly and disabled voters. While the ruling party claims these changes improve accessibility, the opposition argues that they will disproportionately benefit Law and Justice’s core electorate, namely the elderly and rural voters.
There are also worries about the potential disenfranchisement of voters, particularly expats, who make up a significant portion of opposition support. A requirement for foreign voting districts to submit their counts within 24 hours of polls closing may hinder their ability to vote.
If the election results are challenged, it could further undermine Poland’s institutions. The government has limited the independence of the National Electoral Commission and the Supreme Court, raising concerns about the integrity of the election process.
This election is seen as a critical moment for Poland’s democracy, with the country’s future direction at stake. The outcome will not only have implications for Poland but also impact European relations and transatlantic alliances.