2024-02-07 11:30:07
Recent political news has brought to the forefront the question of the educational strategies of the Parisian bourgeoisie, and, among these, the frequent recourse to private establishments prized for the place given to the guidance wishes of parents. , for their social selectivity and conservative moral standards. This episode highlights the difference in relationships with school and the State according to social groups.
In a recent article published by the journal Politix, Lorenzo Barrault-Stella and Cédric Hugrée look at the relationships between upper classes at school and public institutions by combining data from two surveys. First, the quantitative one, entitled “Practices and representations facing the State” (Preface), in which Cédric Hugrée participated and which was administered to a panel of 2,630 people, representative of the population of mainland France. , in order to analyze the relationship with public institutions. Then, a field investigation, conducted by Lorenzo Barrault-Stella, which consisted of repeated monitoring over several years of the subjective and practical relationships with public institutions of families residing in the socially very contrasting 18th arrondissement of Paris.
Cross-referencing the data concerning the upper classes from these two surveys makes it possible to show using several indicators (frequency of relations with establishments, participation in parent-teacher associations, requests for school exemptions, etc.) that the upper classes have more controlled uses of school than other social groups, due to their familiarity with the school and university system, and their financial means. In particular, they make more use of private education than other social groups.
Two positions
Well-off families working in the public sector use private education significantly more frequently (46%) than well-off families in the private sector. (40%), but more occasionally (not all schooling, not all children). Finally, parents who have themselves completed all their schooling in the private sector – mostly from the upper class – are those who most systematically send their children to the private sector. They are also those who least often believe that national education is an important function of the State.
Apart from more frequent conflicts with the tax administration for the self-employed (business managers and liberal professions), the quantitative survey shows little heterogeneity within the upper classes regarding their relationship with the State. On the other hand, the investigation by interviews and observations makes it possible to distinguish at least two quite significantly different positions.
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