2023-08-27 21:27:47
High school students take the philosophy exam on June 17, 2019 in Strasbourg. FREDERICK FLORIN / AFP
The new Minister of Education confirmed it on Sunday August 27 on TF1: the baccalaureate specialty tests, planned for March by the Blanquer reform, named after Emmanuel Macron’s former minister, return in June. “Keep what works and remove what doesn’t”assumed Gabriel Attal, noting “an absenteeism that has exploded and a demobilization [des lycéens] in the third trimester » with the previous schedule. A decision hailed by the unions and judged “pragmatic” by many observers of the education system, given the manifest failure of the 2023 session.
Following three sessions canceled or disrupted by the Covid-19 epidemic, the events took place in March for the first time in the spring: “a carnage”, bluntly sums up Bruno Bobkiewicz, secretary general of SNPDEN-UNSA, the majority union of school heads, who defended the return of the tests at the end of the year. “The initial idea was to develop the baccalaureate to give it meaningcontinues this Parisian principal. But the schedule didn’t work, and we have to accept that. It is not a dishonor to come back to it. »
Almost six years after the presentation of the “bac Blanquer”, how did we come to this unraveling in order? In the educational community, there is talk of an original sin, which stems from the very definition of the exam.
Gateway Exam and Rite of Passage
In Emmanuel Macron’s presidential project in 2017, it is above all a question of simplifying an excessively heavy baccalaureate by reducing it to four compulsory tests, and of validating the other disciplines through continuous assessment. But, when the reform is presented to the public at the beginning of 2018, it is clear that Jean-Michel Blanquer wanted to preserve the symbol, with a test of philosophy and a great oral in the form of rites of passage to adulthood, and, ” at the same time”, create an exam bridge towards higher education, with the aim of better coordinating the years preceding the baccalaureate and those following it.
This is why the specialty tests are scheduled for March: at this stage of the year, the files have not yet reached the universities and it is still possible to upload the results in Parcoursup, the guidance in higher education. “The idea of giving weight to the baccalaureate by integrating it into Parcoursup actually came up during the process”recalls Pierre Mathiot, director of the Lille Institute of Political Studies and architect of this reform.
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