2023-07-06 09:09:53
Title: HPV Vaccine: A Key Preventative Measure Against Cervical Cancer
Subtitle: National Cancer Institute highlights alarming rate of cervical cancer deaths in Thailand
Date: [Insert Date]
In recent news, the National Cancer Institute has revealed shocking statistics regarding the prevalence of cervical cancer in Thailand. Cervical cancer has emerged as the fifth most common cancer among Thai women, with an average of six patients losing their lives to this disease each day (data from Cancer in Thailand Vol.x, 2016-2018). However, there is hope, as medical experts emphasize the effectiveness of the HPV vaccine in preventing this deadly form of cancer in both men and women.
Cervical cancer, largely caused by infection with the Human papillomavirus (HPV), has several high-risk strains that are responsible for the majority of cases worldwide. The epidemiological study conducted in Thailand found that HPV type 52 was the most common strain among Thai women undergoing cervical cancer screening, followed by strains 16, 51, 58, and 18 (Genotypic distribution of human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cytology findings in 5906 Thai women undergoing cervical cancer screening programs). It is important to note that HPV can be transmitted through sexual contact, and while 90% of infections resolve on their own, persistent HPV infections can lead to abnormal cervical epithelium and eventually cervical cancer.
However, cervical cancer is not the only health risk associated with HPV infection. It also leads to vaginal cancer, vulvar cancer, male genital cancer, anal cancer, throat cancer, and genital warts. To combat the spread of this virus and its related health risks, health education initiatives and risk factor avoidance, such as practicing safe sex, not smoking, and maintaining a healthy immune system, are recommended.
The most effective preventative measure against cervical cancer offered today is the HPV vaccine. The vaccine contains a viral antigen synthesized from a specific sheath protein (L1 protein) without the virus’s carcinogenic genetic material. By stimulating the body’s immune response to HPV, the vaccine provides protection against various strains. It is important to note that there are three types of HPV vaccines available:
1. Bi-strain vaccine: Offers protection against high-risk HPV strains 16 and 18.
2. Four-type vaccine: Provides protection against high-risk HPV types 16, 18, as well as low-risk types 6 and 11, which are known to cause genital warts.
3. Nine-type vaccine: Prevents infection from high-risk HPV strains 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, as well as low-risk strains 6 and 11 (the most common strains worldwide).
The US CDC recommends that individuals aged 11-12 years receive two doses of the HPV vaccine, spaced at least six months apart. For those aged 15-26, two doses are also recommended. Individuals with low immunity, including those with HIV infection, should receive three doses. For individuals aged 27-45 who have not been previously vaccinated, the benefits should be discussed with a healthcare professional. It’s important to consult with a doctor to determine the best course of action and whether the vaccine is suitable.
In Thailand, the Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists, along with the Thai Gynecological Cancer Society, recommend that girls aged 11-12 receive two doses of the HPV vaccine, while females and males aged 9-26 should receive three doses. Other groups that are recommended to receive the vaccine include individuals with low immunity, women who have had abnormal cervical cancer screening results, a history of abnormal HPV testing, or precancerous lesions on the cervix, as well as those who have had genital warts, or have had sexual experiences before the age of 26.
While the HPV vaccine is generally safe, there are certain groups who should refrain from getting vaccinated. These include individuals with a history of severe allergic reactions to vaccine components or yeast, pregnant women (who should wait until after giving birth), and breastfeeding women. The most common side effects include pain, swelling at the injection site, or fever, with more serious side effects being extremely rare.
While the HPV vaccine presents a significant advancement in preventing cervical cancer, it is important to note that even with complete vaccination, regular screenings for cervical cancer should still be pursued as recommended by healthcare professionals.
For more information on the HPV vaccine and to schedule a vaccination appointment, please contact the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology at Paolo Kaset Hospital:
Telephone: 02 1500 900 ext. 5420
Facebook: Paolo Kaset Hospital
Line official account: Paolo Hospital Kaset
Line ID: @paolokaset
Remember, early detection and prevention are key in the fight against cervical cancer.]
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