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Scientific bulletin titles: Global carbon dioxide emissions will peak in 2025, according to the International Energy Agency – REV1 will be a space factory to test several issues in zero gravity – Eye-like circles on some animals deter prey
The International Energy Agency warned of “cracks” between rich and poor countries in the field of investments in carbon-free energies, calling for a “major international effort to bridge the worrying gap.”
In its annual report for 2022, the International Energy Agency explained that the global hydrocarbon crisis caused by Russia’s invasion of Ukraine has led to profound and long-lasting changes that can accelerate the transition to a more sustainable and secure energy system. At the same time, however, the agency questioned whether countries could quickly abandon the big bet on fossil fuels that are choking the planet and causing it to warm. In the IEA’s central scenario based on the commitments made by governments regarding climate investments, the agency predicted that global CO2 emissions would peak at 37 billion tons in 2025, and decline in 2050 to 32 billion tons.
But despite these efforts, the average temperature will rise by about 2.5 degrees Celsius by 2100, which is “far from enough to avoid severe climatic consequences.”
The International Energy Agency has therefore reaffirmed the need for massive investments in clean energies, whether green or low-carbon such as nuclear power, and to accelerate work in areas such as electric (car) batteries, photovoltaic technology and decarbonized hydrogen electrolyzers in industry in particular.
A startup company is developing a vehicle that will be a space factory in the future
European start-up Space Cargo Unlimited based in Luxembourg and France has outsourced the manufacture of its REV1 vehicle to the Franco-Italian company specialized in compact units, Thales Alenia Space (TAS).
The autonomous spacecraft (REV1), which will be a space factory by 2025, requires no astronaut, weighs less than three tons, will be reusable twenty times, and will remain in a low orbit at an altitude of a few hundred kilometers for two to three months for each space mission.
Space Cargo Unlimited is counting on the emergence of a new economy related to spacecraft manufacturing. This economy will reach $10 billion by 2024. The REV1 will have multiple uses, ranging from agriculture to pharmaceuticals and new tools, within the goal of To produce what has great value in space by taking advantage of zero gravity.
In 2020, the company “Space Cargo Unlimited” had sent into space 320 grape plants over a 14-month period. We point out that the stay of the grape plant in the space environment is the latest development for it, which made it more resistant to climate change.
Currently, the company plans to launch in the market in 2024 its two varieties, “Cabernet Sauvignon” and “Merlot”, which are more resistant to climate change.
It is worth noting that the aerospace production process within REV1 will also make it possible to polish high-precision optical lenses by overcoming obstacles related to gravity or even provide “perfect chambers” for microprocessor manufacturing, for example.
The phenomenon of the Mona Lisa effect, which is represented by drawing eyes on the buttocks of cows, deceives predators and protects them from the attacks of lions.
All visitors to the Parisian Louvre, who rushed to see the famous Mona Lisa, had the impression that the Mona Lisa was following them with her gaze from different angles. This phenomenon, called the phenomenon of the Mona Lisa effect, plays an important role in the animal kingdom in warding off predators, according to a German-British study recently published in Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution.
In earlier studies, researchers had previously concluded that the wings of peacock butterflies that have eye-like circles prevent predatory birds from approaching them. Note that the “deceptive eyes” are naturally adorned with some fish, mollusks, amphibians and birds, but they are not observed at all in mammals.
Two years ago, a team of scientists decided to conduct experiments on mammals, as part of a project to protect cattle herds in the African country of Botswana from predators. Recently, the results confirmed that cows whose buttocks were decorated with drawings of deceived eyes were less likely to be attacked by predators than those without such drawings.