Physical and Emotional Changes at the End of Life
As the heartbeat slows and circulation diminishes towards the end of life, various physical and emotional changes can occur. These changes can affect the patient’s behavior, appearance, and interactions with their surroundings.
Anxiety and Emotional Distress
Anxiety is a common symptom in the final stages of life. Patients may experience a desire to remove clothing, engage in arguments, or pull out intravenous lines. While the cause of this anxiety remains unclear, it is likely related to the physical and mental changes occurring in the body.
Changes in Body Temperature
A notable sign at the end of life is a persistent drop in body temperature. This is attributed to metabolic changes, particularly in older individuals. As death approaches, temperature fluctuations can become more drastic, leading to a chilling sensation and pale skin.
Skin Changes
The skin often exhibits discoloration during the final stages. Spotted areas with blue or purple tones appear due to impaired circulation. This condition is not always indicative of imminent death, but signifies the slowing down of the circulatory system.
Energy Surge
Before death, some patients experience a sudden surge of energy and clarity. This can be accompanied by increased appetite, slurred speech, and agitation. While this can be alarming for loved ones, it is a normal phenomenon.
Bowel and Bladder Dysfunction
As death approaches, alterations in bowel and bladder function become common. Patients may experience altered bowel habits, decreased urination frequency, and darker urine. Reduced fluid intake can contribute to these changes.
Changes in Breathing
The dying process is often accompanied by changes in breathing patterns. Cheyne-Stokes respiration, characterized by alternating deep and shallow breaths, is frequently observed. Another common symptom is agony breathing, where breathing becomes involuntary and sounds like gurgling or wheezing.
Hallucinations and Illusions
Visual, auditory, and olfactory hallucinations are frequently reported by patients in the final stages. They may see deceased loved ones, smell unfamiliar scents, or experience vivid dreams. These visions can be disturbing and require sensitivity and understanding from loved ones.
Increased Sleepiness
As metabolism slows down at death, fatigue and excessive sleeping become common. This depletion of energy can be challenging for both the patient and their loved ones.