2023-08-28 02:00:37
Breast Cancer in Men: Symptoms, Risks, and Treatment
Breast cancer is often associated with women, but it’s important to recognize that men can also be affected by this disease. In fact, in Switzerland, around 50 men are diagnosed with breast cancer every year. Although it is rare in men, awareness and understanding of male breast cancer is crucial for early detection and effective treatment.
The symptoms of breast cancer in men are similar to those in women. The most common sign is a painless hardening or lump, typically found behind the nipple. Other symptoms may include nipple discharge, skin tightening, ulceration, and armpit swelling. If any of these signs are present, it is highly recommended to consult a general practitioner or a breast center urgently.
Certain lifestyle factors increase the risk of breast cancer in both men and women. Obesity, regular alcohol consumption, and lack of exercise are associated with an increased risk. Adopting a healthy lifestyle can not only reduce the risk of breast cancer but also decrease the chances of developing other types of cancer, such as colon cancer. However, there are also risk factors that cannot be influenced, such as genetic breast cancer, changes in genetic makeup, or liver diseases. If there is a family history of breast cancer or if a man already has breast cancer, seeking genetic counseling at a recognized breast center is recommended.
Unlike women, men do not have access to early detection examinations for breast cancer. This is because breast cancer is extremely rare in men, affecting less than 1 percent of the male population. As a result, the disease is often more advanced when it is finally diagnosed. The diagnostic process for men is similar to that of women and includes a mammogram, ultrasound, and tissue biopsy to confirm the diagnosis.
Due to the rarity of male breast cancer, there is a lack of high-quality studies on its treatment. Consequently, treatment guidelines for women are generally followed. The main pillars of therapy include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and anti-hormone therapy. Treatment plans are individualized based on the tumor stage and aggressiveness, often involving a combination of these therapies. Surgery usually involves the removal of the affected breast and, if necessary, nearby lymph nodes.
The prognosis for male breast cancer is generally good, especially for small tumors without lymph node involvement. After five years from the initial diagnosis, 96 percent of men affected by breast cancer are still alive. It is crucial for men to be aware of the symptoms and seek medical attention if any abnormalities are noticed.
In summary, male breast cancer is a rare condition, but early detection and improving awareness are vital. The most common symptom is a painless lump behind the nipple. While prevention methods for breast cancer are not concrete, maintaining a healthy lifestyle can contribute to reducing the risk. Regular check-ups, self-examinations, and seeking medical advice when symptoms arise are key to early detection and successful treatment.]
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