2024-02-05 07:46:45
- Pharmacogenomics Focuses on studying the relationship of human genes related to various drugs. which can be useful in terms of precision medicine treatment efficiency Response to medication Drug selection and appropriate dosage Including preventing drug allergies as well.
- Pharmacogenomic testing Can be done from age 20 years and up by examining the cheek mucosa. or blood test The information obtained from the examination will help the doctor make more appropriate treatment decisions.
By studying the human genome, there is more knowledge about genes that cause disease risk. which is directly beneficial to treating disease including developing specific treatment methods According to the genetic basis of each individual
Pharmacogenomics What is Pharmacogenomics?
Pharmacogenomics (Pharmacogenomics) is one of the sciences of genetics. that focuses on studying the relationship of human genes related to various types of drugs which can be useful in terms of precision medicine treatment efficiency Response to medication Drug selection and appropriate dosage Including preventing drug allergies as well.
How pharmacogenomics works (Pharmacogenomics)
naturally when the drug enters the body There will be various reactions. Each person has a different response to each drug. It depends on genetics, type and size of medicine taken. after taking medicine The body must break down the medicine. and deliver the medicine to the desired area Our genes affect many steps in various processes. To affect how you respond to medicine as follows:
- Some drugs need to attach to proteins on the cell surface called receptors. (receptors) in order to function properly Genes determine the type. and the number of receivers This may affect your response to medication. Therefore, each person must use the right type of medicine. and different quantities
- drug absorption Some drugs need to be introduced into the tissue. and active cells Our genes affect absorption. May absorb more or less differently. Medicines with reduced bioavailability may result in the drug being ineffective. Genes also affect how quickly drugs are removed from the body. If the medicine is removed from the body too quickly May reduce efficiency. or not as effective as the doctor wanted
- Drug breakdown It may affect how quickly the body breaks down the medicine. If the medicine is dissolved quickly The body will get rid of the drug faster. Resulting in the need to use additional medicine. or change the type of medicine If the body breaks down the medicine slowly, it may be necessary to reduce the dose.
- Targeted drug development Pharmacogenetic approaches to drug development can target specific problems. More than just treating symptoms Some diseases are caused by specific changes. (mutation) of a gene. The same gene can have many different types of mutations that have different effects. Certain mutations can result in proteins not functioning properly. or does not produce protein at all Some drugs can correct mutations directly.
Pharmacogenomic diagnosis
Pharmacogenomics Test It is part of Precision Medicine, aiming to adjust treatment to the point of each individual. Using information about genetic code and drug response including adjusting medication accordingly and safety in receiving each type of medicine
Pharmacogenetic screening Can be done from age 20 years and up by examining the cheek mucosa. or blood test Important information will help doctors make more appropriate treatment decisions.
Pharmacogenomics and new approaches to disease treatment
Modern medical innovations are aimed at proper diagnosis and treatment. and are more specific to the disease Focusing on effective treatment results Including reducing problems caused by drug use.
There are 2 types of pharmacogenetics currently used in medicine:
- Drug allergy genes Testing for drug allergy genes helps prevent potentially life-threatening drug allergic reactions. For example, before taking allopurinol. (allopurinol) that treats gout If the drug allergy gene is detected Doctors will consider not using it. To prevent severe drug allergies
- Proper dose adjustment It is a genetic test to look at various enzymes in the body for use in drug administration. Used to adjust the appropriate dosage for each individual. To get the most benefit from treatment Get effective medicine Including reducing the occurrence of side effects It is considered an evolution in medicine that has moved towards more precise medicine.
Achieve treatment goals through pharmacogenomics.
Even choosing the type and commonly used drug dosages It continues to use data from large population clinical studies. But with genetic characteristics that are different in each person. This may cause patients to respond differently to the drug. Using knowledge of pharmacogenetics to help make specific and targeted decisions. It will help the treatment goals to be achieved effectively. and minimize the negative effects of drug use.
Currently, pharmacogenomic diagnostic tests can be used for more than 500 types of drugs, and the number is likely to continue to increase. It covers many groups of drugs. Examples of drug groups with information include anticoagulants, lipid-lowering drugs, analgesics, sleeping pills, and psychiatric drugs, anticonvulsants, as well as drugs used in cancer, heart disease, infectious diseases, and stomach ulcer disease. and allergies, etc.
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