2023-12-01 00:33:43
The diabetes insipidus (DI) is a rare condition in which the kidneys are unable to prevent the elimination of water. That is, it is not the same as type 1 and 2; Although both have in common that without treatment, they cause constant thirst and frequent urinary evacuation.
Another key difference is that people with diabetes mellitus have elevated blood sugar, while those with diabetes insipidus, blood glucose levels are normalalthough their kidneys are not capable of maintaining the balance of fluids and salt in the body.
Causes of diabetes insipidus
During the day, the kidneys filter all the blood many times. Normally, most of the water is reabsorbed and only a small amount of concentrated urine is eliminated relative to the blood volume. Diabetes insipidus occurs when the kidneys cannot concentrate urine normally and a large amount of dilute urine is eliminated.
The amount of water eliminated in the urine is controlled by the antipyretic hormone (HAD), which is also known as vasopressure. This occurs in a region of the brain called the hypothalamus. It is then stored and secreted from the pituitary gland, which is a small gland located just below the base of the brain.
The one caused by lack of HAD is called central diabetes insipidus. If it is caused by failure of the kidney to respond to HAD, the condition is called nephrogenic diabetes insipidus, which means it is related to the kidney.
For its part, central diabetes insipidus is rare, which can be caused by damage to the hypothalamus or pituitary gland as a result of:
Infection in the brain Genetic problems Head trauma Loss of blood supply to the pituitary gland Tumors in or near the pituitary gland Surgery in the area of the pituitary gland or hypothalamus
Main symptoms
As for the symptoms, the main ones that this type of diabetes presents are:
Volume excessive urine
Very dilute urine and pale
excessive urinationoften with the need to urinate every hour throughout the day and night Excessive thirst that may be intense or uncontrollable
#diabetes #insipidus