2024-06-04 18:42:34
Mars obtained its title from its purple shade resembling blood – as a result of Mars was the Roman god of warfare. Mars has plains, volcanoes, and mountains. The most important volcano within the photo voltaic system is on Mars. It’s referred to as Mount Olympus.
Life on Mars
Though no life has been discovered on Mars now, it’s believed that life might have existed there up to now. It was most definitely micro organism, however extra complicated organisms might have lived there.
Mars has much less harsh circumstances than different planets. An underground water physique and dried up riverbeds have been found in it. It was assumed that the rivers weren’t dry, however later it turned out that this was simply an optical phantasm. Viking I has already performed analysis to seek out out if life exists on Mars. Nevertheless, neither Viking I nor different missions, together with the latest Perseverance, have been in a position to definitively reply this query. It’s because the circumstances in house are very harsh: vacuum, excessive temperatures and highly effective photo voltaic storms, which make it tough and even unattainable to detect micro organism with present applied sciences.
Nevertheless, Mars is at present not appropriate for all times – because it doesn’t have an environment to guard Mars from radiation. The very best temperature on Mars reaches 20°C, and the bottom even -153°C! Even the hardiest organisms on Earth can’t survive in such circumstances.
Mars missions
Solely American and Chinese language autos managed to land on the floor of Mars. There have been ten profitable missions to Mars to this point. NASA’s Viking I used to be the primary to land, and NASA’s Sojourner was the primary rover.
The most recent rover to land is Perseverance. It’s an improved model of the Curiosity rover. The Spirit and Curiosity rovers are referred to as kinfolk as a result of when Spirit accomplished its mission, Curiosity reached Mars shortly after.
„Viking“
NASA’s Viking missions have enormously expanded our data of Mars. Viking I used to be launched on August 20, 1975, and Viking II on September 9, 1975. Each of those autos have been lifted off by the Titan III launch automobile. The Viking I and Viking II autos consisted of two components: a touchdown half and an element designed to fly round Mars.
The landers of each spacecraft landed efficiently and started testing techniques after touchdown. After ensuring the whole lot was working, analysis on Mars started. A robotic with a robotic arm took a soil pattern and started to check it. Thus, it was discovered that 2 p.c supplies include oxygen.
„Spirit“
The Spirit rover landed on January 4, 2004, however ultimately obtained caught within the Martian soil and was pressured to finish its mission on Could 1, 2009. His mission is taken into account very profitable. Spirit offered a wealth of knowledge about Mars and its previous. He photographed Apollo I’s mount. In comparison with the Perseverance, which traveled 8 km, the Spirit coated 7.6 km. It is very important notice that it obtained caught, and subsequently, within the subsequent touchdown gear, engineers paid particular consideration to the wheels of the rover.
„Curiosity“
Curiosity was launched on November 26, 2011 at 5 p.m. 02 min. Kennedy Area Heart at Cape Canaveral. “Curiosity” landed on Mars on August 6, 2012, and in 2013 September 27 NASA scientists have introduced {that a} rover has discovered proof of historical riverbeds – proof that water as soon as existed on Mars. December 3, 2012 Curiosity carried out the primary intensive evaluation of the planet’s soil and located traces of water, sulfur and chlorine. Sulfur dioxide and hydrogen sulfide have been additionally detected.
Curiosity is provided with two computer systems – a major and a backup. They each have 200 MHz processors, 256 MB of working reminiscence, 2 GB of inside reminiscence. They run the VxWorks working system designed particularly for spacecraft.
„Perseverance“
Perseverance was launched on July 30, 2020. at 5 p.m. 50 minutes He landed within the Jezero crater. For now, Perseverance remains to be working on Mars. It is like an improved Curiosity. The wheels of this rover have been fabricated from stronger aluminum. Its warmth protect can face up to as much as 1320° C. Curiosity additionally weighs lower than Perseverance. Perseverance weighs as a lot as 1025 kg, and Curiosity – 899 kg. Perseverance has the identical robotic arm as Curiosity, solely longer and stronger.
Perseverance consists of two components. One half is the shell and warmth protect and the second half is the air faucet and chassis. Perseverance has as many as 23 cameras. As Perseverance landed on the floor of Mars, it was photographed by the Mars Reconnaissance orbiter. “Perseverance” drove as a lot as 8 km.
The Mars 2020 mission additionally consists of Perseverance and the Ingenuity drone. He’s doing very nicely to this point. Perseverance despatched a whole lot of helpful data again to Earth.
Perhaps we’ll fly to Mars?
Our know-how just isn’t superior sufficient to fly to Mars any time quickly. This requires very highly effective and lightweight engines. Now, with the present engines, we might go to Mars in a single yr. As well as, we might encounter highly effective photo voltaic winds on our journey, and a big dose of radiation, which could be very dangerous to people.
It’s deliberate to fly away and construct a base in M4nul (NASA program “Artemis”) very quickly, however the base on Mars remains to be a good distance off. I hope we are able to take SpaceX’s Starship to Mars or past sooner or later, however proper now it is nonetheless in testing. Perhaps sooner or later we can say “I am flying to Mars for summer time trip!”, however for now it is only a dream of scientists and me.
The creator of the article is a 2nd grade pupil of “Žiniukas” main faculty.
2024-06-04 18:42:34