A groundbreaking study led by Professor Sarah-Maria Fendt at VIB-KU Leuven reveals why the lungs are a prime target for cancer metastasis,notably in breast cancer patients. Researchers discovered that elevated levels of the amino acid aspartate in the lungs trigger a unique translation program in cancer cells, enhancing their growth and adaptability in this environment. This process involves the activation of the NMDA receptor, which initiates a signaling cascade that modifies the eIF5A protein, increasing the aggressiveness of lung metastases. Published in Nature, these findings not only deepen our understanding of cancer biology but also pave the way for potential new therapies targeting this mechanism, offering hope for improved treatment strategies for metastatic disease.
Time.news Interview: The Mechanisms Behind Lung Metastasis – Insights from Professor Sarah-Maria Fendt
Editor: Thank you for joining us today, Professor Fendt.Your recent study published in Nature has revealed some groundbreaking insights into why the lungs are a prime target for cancer metastasis, especially in breast cancer patients. Can you summarize the key findings of your research?
Professor Fendt: Certainly! Our study identifies elevated levels of the amino acid aspartate in the lungs as a notable factor driving cancer metastasis. When aspartate levels are high, they activate the NMDA receptor on cancer cells. This activation triggers a unique translation program that enhances the cells’ growth and adaptability within the lung habitat. This process also modifies the eIF5A protein, which has been linked to increased aggressiveness in lung metastases, making them more challenging to treat.
Editor: That’s fascinating! How do these findings change our understanding of cancer biology, especially with regards to lung metastases?
Professor Fendt: Our research provides a clearer picture of the lung microenvironment as a permissive niche for cancer spread.Previously, we knew that metastasis occurred frequently in the lungs, but the underlying mechanisms were less understood. By elucidating the role of aspartate and its impact on NMDA receptor signaling in cancer cells, we deepen our understanding of how cancer cells adapt and thrive in new environments. This could shift the focus of future cancer research toward targeting specific metabolic pathways and receptor interactions that promote metastasis.
Editor: This sounds like it opens up several avenues for therapeutic interventions. What potential treatments could emerge from your findings?
Professor Fendt: Indeed, the implications are significant. targeting the NMDA receptor or the pathways involved in eIF5A modification could yield new therapeutic strategies aimed at preventing or reducing lung metastases. As a notable example, drugs designed to inhibit NMDA receptor activation or disrupt the signaling cascades triggered by aspartate might minimize the growth of metastatic tumors in the lungs. This approach could complement existing treatments and offer hope for improving patient outcomes in metastatic disease.
Editor: It’s clear that your research not only advances scientific knowledge but also holds practical promise for treatment strategies. For our readers, what advice would you give regarding cancer prevention or early detection, particularly in the context of breast cancer metastasis?
Professor Fendt: Early detection remains crucial in the fight against cancer. I encourage individuals, especially those at high risk for breast cancer, to stay vigilant about regular screenings and consult with healthcare providers on the best prevention strategies.Furthermore, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, including a balanced diet and regular exercise, can positively influence overall health and possibly lower the risk of cancer development. As research like ours progresses, it’s essential for patients to engage in conversations with their doctors about emerging treatments and to be aware of the latest findings that could impact their care.
Editor: Thank you, Professor Fendt, for sharing your valuable insights. Your work is paving the way for a deeper understanding of cancer biology and offers hope for new and effective therapies against metastatic disease.
Professor Fendt: Thank you for having me. I’m excited about the future of cancer research and the potential it holds for improving patient lives.