2023-09-08 22:59:17
The report was awaited. His landing, just before the start of an autumn punctuated by important meetings for climate diplomacy, is precise. Friday September 8, the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) made public its Global Stocktake, or “global balance sheet”. An important document which lists the measures taken by the States since the Paris agreement on the climate sealed in 2015. And the first lines are final. “Global emissions are not in line with mitigation trajectories consistent with the Paris Agreement temperature goalcan we read. There is an increasingly narrow window to raise ambitions and implement existing commitments to limit warming to 1.5°C above pre-industrial levels. »
A warning shot from the United Nations, while global warming of human origin has already reached 1.2°C. And political pressure on leaders on the eve of the G20 organized in New Delhi, India, twelve days before the summit on climate ambition organized by the UN in New York, and less than three months before the 28th World Conference on climate (COP28). Negotiated during COP21 in 2015, the text of the Paris agreement, which aims to limit the average rise in temperatures below 2°C, and if possible below 1.5°C, provided for this assessment.
For two years, UNFCCC experts have asked the signatory parties to send precise documents on the measures put in place. They also interviewed scientists and civil society actors and relied on the sixth assessment report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). Their verdict is final. The agreement reached at the end of COP21 has moved the lines but the actions put in place are not sufficient. “The world is not on track to achieve long-term goals”continues the UN.
Greenhouse gas emissions still on the rise
The heart of the report concerns greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the issue of fossil fuels. According to the authors, who rely on the conclusions of the IPCC, emissions should reach their peak “between 2020 and 2025”. Except that they are still progressing: “They have peaked in developed and some developing countries, but global emissions have not yet peaked. All parties must undertake rapid and deep reductions in their GHG emissions in the decades following the peak. » The document calls on states to « reduce global GHG emissions by 43% by 2030 and 60% by 2035 compared to 2019 levels ». The only way to stay within the Paris Agreement and achieve carbon neutrality in 2050.
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