2023-04-20 11:45:52
Eight years it prolongs the la war in Yemen. A entrenched conflict y forgotten by the West that has plunged the country into one of the humanitarian crises worst in the world. Yemenis are starving as the two warring parties – the Saudi-backed government and Iran-backed Houthi rebels – have become pieces in a geopolitical chess game that goes beyond their borders. Next, the keys from guerra In the country of Near East.
The seed of the conflict
In the year 2011, Yemen lived his particular Arab Spring with a popular uprising that forced its President, the dictatorial Ali Abdullah Salehto cede power to number two, Abdrabbuh Mansour Hadi. The weakness of the new president, harassed by a economic crisis and the scourge of radical islamwas taken advantage of without thinking by the minority rebel huti. Formally known as Ansar Allah (Supporters of God), the group defends the Zaidi Shia Muslim minority de Yemen.
In early 2014, the rebels took control of the saada provincein the north of the country, and later took the capital, sanaforcing the President Hadi to flee abroad in March 2015.
but the neighbor Saudi Arabia soon became alarmed by the empowerment of the rebels, supported by Iran, his eternal rival. It is at this point that the conflict exceeds the borders of the country to take on the face of a geopolitical strategy. Saudi Arabia is leading a coalition, made up of the US, the UK and France, to strike down the rebels and ultimately reinstate President Hadi.
Saudi Arabia versus Iran
In August 2015, the ground troops of the coalition disembarked in the port city of Aden and expelled the Houthis from southern Yemen. But, they could not evict them from Sana’a, the capital, nor from the north of the country. The official government of Yemen was established in the Yemeni city of Aden, while the fled President Hadi remained in Saudi Arabia.
Los huts they allied with the previous president, Ali Abdullah Saleh, to form the government of the area under their control. However, in December 2017, Salehwho broke with the Houthis and called on his followers to fight them, was murdered and the rebels defeated his forces.
In 2018, Saleh loyalists joined the Saudi-led coalition. Together, they launched a major offensive against the Houthis to recapture the Red Sea city of Hudaydah. The port of this city is the main way of subsistence for millions of Yemenis at risk of famine. After six months of fierce fighting, both parties agreed to a truce in the city.
The fighting has gradually intensified, forcing thousands of people to flee their homes. The Houthis have attacked targets in Saudi Arabia y United Arab Emirates with ballistic missiles and unmanned aircraft (drones), seeking to cut off infrastructure such as oil facilities but causing harm to civilians. Saudi and American officials have accused Iran of smuggling weapons, such as drones, to the Houthis in violation of a UN arms embargo although Tehran has always denied the charge. The United Nations ensures that there are indications that the two parties to the conflict have committed crimes against humanity.
shy approaches
In April 2022, the UN brokered a ceasefire between the Saudi-led coalition and the Houthi rebels, though the parties failed to renew it six months later. However, they recently agreed to exchange some 900 prisoners as a measure of confidence that is expected to lead to a permanent ceasefire.
Five planes with approximately 200 prisoners from both sides took off from the capital, sanain the hands of insurgents since 2014 and Mariblatest government stronghold in the north of the country. The International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC) indicated that the exchange of prisoners occurred thanks to an agreement reached in March in Swiss.
The worst humanitarian crisis in the world
United Nations has not hesitated to qualify the humanitarian crisis that plagues Yemen as the worst in the world. The figures show this: 4.5 million people, one in seven, have been displaced from their homes as a result of the conflict, while 24.1 million people, 80% of the population, need international humanitarian aid. Some six million people in Yemen They live on the brink of famine.
At the beginning of 2022, according to calculations carried out by the UN, the conflict in Yemen had caused more than 377,000 deathsof which 60% were a consequence of hungerthe lack of healthcare and unhealthy water. Especially dramatic is the situation suffered by minors: at least 11,000 children have died or been injured as a direct consequence of the fighting.
Yemen It has also suffered one of the largest cholera outbreaks ever recorded, with 2.5 million suspected cases and some 4,000 cholera-related deaths since 2016.
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