2023-10-09 09:15:31
Rockets, true wonders of space engineering, have been the key to leading humans to explore outer space. These propulsion machines are extremely complex and precise, and to understand how they work, it is essential to know their anatomy.
1. Rocket Head: Payload and Nose
The top of the rocket, known as the head, is where the payload is located. This can vary from satellites to space probes or manned ships. The shape of the head, or nose, can be different depending on the type of mission and must be aerodynamic to reduce resistance to climb.
2. Higher Stage
Once the rocket has surpassed the Earth’s atmosphere, the upper stage is responsible for carrying the payload to its orbit or final destination. This stage is usually smaller than the lower stages and may use lower power motors.
3. Lower Stages
Most rockets are designed with multiple stages, each of which detaches when its fuel runs out. The lower stages are the largest and most powerful and are responsible for propelling the rocket out of Earth’s atmosphere. These contain rocket motors and fuel tanks.
(Photo: NASA)
4. Rocket Engine
The rocket motor is the heart of the rocket and is found in all stages. This engine uses chemical reactions to expel propellant at high speed and generate the force necessary to overcome gravity and atmospheric resistance.
5. Fuel Tanks
Fuel tanks store the propellants used by rocket motors. They can be of different shapes and sizes, depending on the design of the rocket. The most common are cylindrical or spherical tanks.
6. Fins and Stabilizers
To ensure a controlled trajectory, rockets often feature fins and stabilizers on the underside. These elements help maintain stability during flight and prevent the rocket from deviating from its course.
7. Exhaust Cone
At the rear of the rocket, the exhaust cone or nozzle allows the exhaust gases from the rocket motor to be expelled and expand outward, also avoiding damage to the rocket structure.
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