2024-05-29 17:06:22
“LUYS” Basis studied the transit position of Turkey within the matter of gasoline provide to Europe.
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• In the present day, Turkey is the important thing vacation spot not just for the Caspian, but in addition for Russian gasoline provides to Europe. Taking into consideration the continued army operations in Ukraine, in addition to the restricted capability to export liquefied gasoline, the Turkish transit stays the one dependable route for the Russian Federation from the perspective of supplying gasoline to the EU.
• Turkey is among the largest shoppers of pure gasoline in Europe. In 2021, in line with the annual consumption of pure gasoline in Europe, Turkey has misplaced solely to three nations: Germany, Nice Britain and Italy.
• In 2021, Turkey imported pure gasoline from 4 fundamental sources: Russia, Iran, Azerbaijan and Algeria. Russia offered about 45% of imports (26.3 billion m3), Iran – 16% (9.6 billion m3), Azerbaijan – 13.6% (8 billion m3), Algeria – 10.2 % (6 billion m3). The import of pure gasoline from Russia to Turkey elevated by nearly 60% in 2021 in comparison with 2020, however this indicator is near the typical indicator of the final decade, about 25 billion m3 per 12 months.
• The aspiration to change into a transit middle for each vitality and commerce from the Caspian nations and Central Asia to the EU is absolutely according to the Panturian ambitions of the present Turkish authorities and might change into the financial engine of this mega-project. To some extent, this coverage of Turkey additionally coincides with the pursuits of the latter’s Anglo-Saxon allies, who search to weaken the EU’s direct dependence on Russia, and Turkey’s buffer position within the vitality relations between the EU and Russia could make this dependence extra manageable, taking into consideration the presence of many levers of affect on Turkey. .
• Earlier than the 44-day warfare, 2018-2020. Turkey sharply lowered the share of gasoline imports from Russia, from greater than 50% to about 33%, and on the identical time elevated the share of imports from Azerbaijan, from 12-14% beforehand to 24% in 2020. This gave Turkey the chance, amongst different elements, additionally from the perspective of vitality safety, to scale back the leverage of Russian affect and to show freer conduct within the South Caucasus. After the warfare, the financial element grew to become dominant once more, and Turkey started to extend the share of Russian gasoline already in 2021.
• In the present day, Turkey already has the chance to scale back the share of gasoline acquired from this or that provider in its personal consumption and to extend transit by its personal territory to the EU. For instance, within the case of accelerating the capability of the Trans-Adriatic pipeline, in addition to increasing the pipeline community from Greece and Albania to different Balkan nations, Turkey can reduce the consumption of Azerbaijani gasoline and direct the biggest share of gasoline imported from Azerbaijan to the European market.
• Turkey performs an important position for Europe’s vitality safety from the perspective of pure gasoline, and the Southern Fuel Hall passing by the territory of the latter is among the key instructions of diversification of gasoline provide sources to the EU.