Agro practices in October – Agro Plovdiv

2024-10-15 12:58:00

After the expected rain at the beginning of Octobergrain growers can start the future grain crop by planting.

When choosing the fields, it should be remembered that wheat is not self-tolerant – it should not be planted in a field that has been occupied until harvest with wheat, rye, oats, triticale or barley. The best option is to grow it after legumes – peas, beans, fenugreek, because they enrich the field with nitrogen. Good predecessors are also early potatoes, watermelons and melons. Cereals develop magnificently even after trenches – corn, sunflowers, tobacco and beets.

Before planting, the area should be filled and disced and kept free of weeds. The final treatment before planting is done at a depth of 6-8 cm to create a loose layer with a firm bed underneath.

When sowing, wheat is fed with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Nitrogen is applied twice – 1/3 of the fertilizer rate is applied during the final pre-sowing treatment, and the other 2/3 as an early spring feed in February or March.

In October, the late corn harvest continues. It is completely mechanized in three ways – on hills, on grain or simply by cutting the entire plant. On the cob, corn is harvested to the end of full maturity at a moisture content of up to 25%. Grain is harvested with combine harvesters equipped with conditioners when the moisture content is 12-18%.

The potato harvest is the most important concern of producers in the mountainous regions. Immediately after harvesting the tubers, the sorting must be done and measures must be taken to store the result, which will be achieved in the following months.

As for lavender, October is the best time to plant it. Those who decide to grow it should remember that they will achieve good results even on poor and sloping terrain, but the soil must first be deeply cultivated (30-50 cm) and abundantly fertilized with manure – 3-5 tons per hectare. . Planting takes place between 15 October and 15 November, and possibly in the spring between 20 February and 20 March. The plants are all 40 cm apart, and the distance between the rows should be 1.40 m. The cuttings are placed 2-3 cm deeper than the root collar, then tamped well to expel air and increase the rate of intervention.

October is the best month to plant mint. Because of most of the moisture in the soil, the plants take root well and successfully in the winter. The plants planted in the spring are often in dry soil and die due to the high temperatures of the fast approaching summer.

The peanuts are now ready to harvest. Drying takes place outside, but to avoid the risk of autumn fog and humidity, it is best to dry them in ventilated rooms. The leafy mass of the plants is valuable fodder for animals.

Vegetables

When frost is in the forecast, pick whatever tomatoes and peppers are left in the field or yard, and … make pickles or leave them to ripen in storage. After harvesting the vegetable crop, the good farmer must clear the occupied area of ​​plant waste and plow it.

In the second half of October, the harvest of root vegetables begins – carrots, beets, celery, turnips. They are taken out when the temperature drops to around and slightly below freezing. This usually happens at the end of October, and this year probably in November.

Green Kyose

Late cabbage is harvested from late October to late November. If frost has fallen and the cabbage is on the ground, it is good to cut it when it has thawed to keep it longer. The leeks are harvested on the same terms.

It’s time to plant winter garlic for early spring consumption when it’s green. The whole month is suitable, but the soil must be prepared at the beginning, because of the deterioration of the weather, this can later be difficult.

Radishes can still be planted outside in warmer areas of the country. Under favorable conditions, they will be ready to collect in 4-5 weeks.

At the beginning of October, the cultivation of seedlings for salads, which will be grown in greenhouses, begins. At the end of November and December, they will be ready to wear.

Fruitful

Autumn varieties of apples and pears are harvested during October. Quinces also ripen and are harvested during this month. Medlars, where and if they are still there, are best peeled after the first frost or two.

Immediately after harvesting the fruit, a good farmer will free the trees from broken and dry branches. It is right to burn them to destroy the enemies who have prepared to hibernate in them.

After leaf fall, stone fruit species are sprayed with a 2 percent bordeaux solution against bacterial wilting, curling on peach, stone fruit and early brown rot on apricot, cherries and sour cherries.

Autumn plowing destroys many of the pathogens that overwinter in the soil (cut, red leaf spot, white rust and others) and enemies such as fruit wasps, leaf moths, leaf curlers, fruit worms and more. Depending on the type of support the fruit trees have, tillage is applied to different depths.

In the case of strongly growing rootstocks with a deeply located root system, plowing is done to a depth of 25-30 cm, and in the case of low-growing roots, to a depth of 10-15 cm.

With deep ploughing, 4-6 tonnes of manure are applied per hectare. Fertilization is practiced with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers: 60-80 kg/ha of double granular superphosphate, 40-80 kg/ha of potassium sulfate in 3-4 years at a depth of 35-40 cm year, and in autumn use 1/4 to 1 /3 of the proposed rate of 15-20 kg/ha. With the fertilisers, you will add back the nutrients removed in the harvest and ensure the normal development and regular fruiting of the trees.

Planting fruit trees begins after leaf fall. The holes are dug two or three weeks before.

Fruiting strawberry plants should be dug up and collared to protect them from winter frost.

The most suitable period for planting raspberries is the end of October until the beginning of a permanent cold. It is also possible to plant in the winter months when the air temperature is above 5 ° C, and in the spring – until the end of March. The spacing between the rows is between 1.8-2 m. Planting is done by hand in pits about 35 cm deep. Plants are planted 2-3 cm deeper than they were in the nursery. They are shortened at a height of 15-20 cm from the soil surface.

Vineyard

Most of the wine grape harvest has already been planted. In October, the last variety to harvest is Mavrud. It still fails to mature properly, and if it does, there is no beerr wine than Mavrud wine. Grapes must be harvested in the warmer hours of the day, because otherwise they have a difficult time fermenting.

Pay attention to the temperature in the room where you put the grapes for fermentation from the last harvests. If it is high, you need to cool it. This is easily done by ventilation during the cold hours of the night. It happens more often that it is cold and the fermentation cannot start. In such cases, measures should be taken to heat the room.

The condition of grapes placed for fresh storage should also be regularly monitored. If kernels are rotten, they should be removed immediately by cutting them with scissors. To combat rotting, burning sulfur (sulfur strips) is used to keep the temperature low.