The global picture of COVID-19 has shifted, with a decline in severe illness and death, but the virus continues to evolve. A new variant, BA.3.2 – informally dubbed “Cicada” – is gaining attention after first appearing in 2024 and now registering increasing cases in both Europe and the United States. Understanding the characteristics of this variant and how to protect against it remains crucial as we navigate the ongoing presence of SARS-CoV-2.
The moniker “Cicada” isn’t accidental. The variant’s pattern of emergence and decline, followed by resurgence, mirrors the life cycle of the cicada insect, which spends years underground before emerging in large numbers. According to a report in TIME magazine, the variant initially surfaced in South Africa in late 2024, then diminished as other strains became dominant, only to reappear roughly a year later. This intermittent spread is what prompted the informal name.
Why the Name “Cicada”?
The unusual pattern of appearance and disappearance is key to understanding the nickname. The variant’s resurgence isn’t necessarily indicative of increased virulence, but rather a characteristic of its spread. Genetic analysis, as reported by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), reveals that “Cicada” carries between 70 and 75 mutations in the spike protein – the part of the virus that the immune system recognizes. The CDC provides ongoing updates on circulating variants.
Despite the significant number of mutations, “Cicada” remains within the Omicron family, meaning it shares some genetic similarities with previous strains. This lineage is important as it suggests a degree of pre-existing immunity from prior infections and vaccinations may still offer some protection.
How Widespread is the Cicada Variant?
As of late March 2026, the “Cicada” variant has been identified in more than twenty U.S. States. Estimates suggest it accounted for approximately 30% of COVID-19 cases in Europe recently, though data collection is becoming increasingly limited as widespread surveillance efforts have decreased. Masrawy.com reports the variant is spreading in 25 US states.
Current vaccines, designed to target earlier Omicron subvariants like JN.1, still provide some level of protection against “Cicada,” but may be less effective than against previous strains. Dr. William Schaffner, a professor of infectious diseases at Vanderbilt University Medical Center, emphasizes that vaccines don’t prevent infection entirely, but significantly reduce the risk of severe illness and hospitalization.
What are the Symptoms of the Cicada Variant?
The symptoms associated with “Cicada” appear to be consistent with those of other COVID-19 variants. Common symptoms include:
- Sore throat
- Fever or chills
- Headache
- Cough
- Body aches
- Runny nose
Experts caution that these symptoms can easily be confused with those of influenza or other respiratory illnesses, making testing the most accurate method of diagnosis. While data is still emerging, current COVID-19 tests are expected to remain effective in detecting the variant, as they target portions of the virus less prone to mutation.
How to Protect Yourself from the Cicada Variant
Although “Cicada” hasn’t been proven to be more dangerous than previous variants, public health officials recommend continuing preventative measures to minimize the risk of infection. These include:
- Staying up-to-date with COVID-19 vaccinations and booster doses, particularly for vulnerable populations.
- Getting tested for COVID-19 when experiencing respiratory symptoms.
- Avoiding crowded, poorly ventilated spaces.
- Wearing a mask in high-risk environments.
- Staying home when feeling unwell.
Is Cicada More Dangerous Than Previous COVID-19 Variants?
Currently, there is no conclusive evidence to suggest that “Cicada” causes more severe illness than prior variants. However, its ability to mutate places it under continued surveillance. The key factor will be the extent of its spread and its ability to overcome existing immunity – information that will turn into clearer with ongoing data collection. Masrawy.com reports on emerging viral threats.
The ongoing evolution of SARS-CoV-2 underscores the importance of continued vigilance and adaptation. While the immediate threat posed by “Cicada” appears moderate, its emergence serves as a reminder that the virus is still with us and capable of change.
Disclaimer: This article provides general information about the “Cicada” variant of COVID-19 and should not be considered medical advice. Please consult with a healthcare professional for personalized guidance on vaccination, testing, and treatment.
The CDC and other public health agencies will continue to monitor the spread of “Cicada” and provide updated recommendations as new data becomes available. The next scheduled update from the CDC regarding variant tracking is expected in mid-April. Stay informed and share this information with your community.
