2024-05-10 09:03:00
WHO reports numberspatientThere are 190,636 new cases of cancer in Thailand, or equivalent to 1 in every 6 Thais suffering from cancer and 124,866 deaths per year, which means that every hour someone dies from this group.cancerUp to 14 people were estimated to be the leading cause of death in Thailand.
The doctor told me in the past that Causes of cancer It occurs from many factors such as genetics, exposure to toxins and chemicals. Unhealthy lifestyle behaviors such as drinking, smoking, stress, and not getting enough rest. But there is one risk factor that many people don’t expect. And there is a terrible risk of obesity.
ObesityIncreases the risk of developing 13 types of cancer, such as uterine cancer 7 times, esophageal cancer 4.8 times, liver cancer 2 times and colon cancer 1.3 times, etc. 175,800 male cases) and obesity increases the chance of dying from cancer by 17% and the chance of cancer coming back by 13%.
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What is obesity?
Obesity is a condition of having too much fat in the body. Filtered by Body Mass Index (BMI). And obese people will have a BMI of 25 kilograms per square meter or more. But using the body mass index may not be an accurate measure.Obesity
The doctor suggested measuring body composition by doing a DEXA Scan, or the full name is Dual Energy X-ray Absorptiometry. To see fat mass, according to the criteria of the American Council on Exercise (ACE), Asians between the ages of 20-50 should not have more than 32% fat and men should not have more than 25% .
Another method anyone can do themselves is to measure their waist circumference. Because it can indicate the mass of fat accumulated in the abdominal area (visceral fat) the waist circumference for an Asian male adult should not be more than 90 centimeters (36 inches) and should not be more than 80 centimeters (32 inches) for an Asian female adult. )
How is obesity related to cancer?
This is because excess adipose tissue releases substances that increase the risk of cancer, including:
- Increased sex hormone levels
like an increase in the hormone estrogen that is associated with the risk of breast cancer Increased endometrial, ovarian and other cancers are accompanied by the production of adipokines that are involved in cell growth, for example, abnormally elevated leptin increases On the contrary Hormonal Adiponectin (Adiponectin) role against tumor growth.
People who are obese have less of this hormone than people with a normal body weight which causes chronic inflammation (chronic inflammation) resulting in oxidative stress (Oxidative stress) from excess free radicals (Free radicals in free). to DNA. Abnormal fat hormone production affects the functioning of the immune system. By reducing the effectiveness of the killer cells or NK-cell (Natural Killer Cell), a type of white blood cell that helps to find and destroy cancer cells, people who are obese often have increased levels of the hormone insulin. Which causes insulin resistance (insulin resistance) increases the risk of type 2 diabetes. and may promote the development of colon, kidney, prostate and endometrial cancer. Turning to take care of food and exercise Maintaining an appropriate body weight is an important part of helping to reduce the risk of cancer.
- Red meat, processed meat, the villain
If anyone still doesn’t know where to start taking care of food. The doctor recommended to start Reduce the consumption of red meat and processed meat. Try to eat as little as possible. According to the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), processed meats such as salami, ham, sausages, bacon, meatballs, Chinese sausages, and pork sausages are in group 1, which is a human carcinogen. There is a lot of evidence that it is associated with colon cancer. and stomach.
It is caused by the substance ‘nitrate’ or ‘nitrite’ which is added to preserve food. Add color and flavor When it enters the body, it will Nitrosamines Nitrosamines are a group of N-nitroso compounds. (N-nitroso-compounds; NOCs), which are carcinogenic. As for red meat itself, which contains heme iron, it is broken down in the intestines to form N-nitroso compounds (NOCs) also heterocyclic aromatic amines (Heterocyclic Aromatic Amines (HAA)) and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) .) Research shows that If you eat 50 grams of processed meat per day, or just 3 servings of rice, the risk of colon cancer increases by 18%, as well as eating a large amount of red and processed meat. Risk of weight gain and increases the risk of type 2 diabetes
- Turn to eating more vegetables.
Eating a plant-based diet is a proven way to reduce cancer risk. And help maintain an appropriate body weight because vegetables are fiber (Fiber), which has a lot of vitamins and minerals, increasing the level of antioxidants in our body It is recommended to try to have different types of vegetables 50% of your meal, such as dried seeds (soybeans, peas, chickpeas), white tofu, tempeh, whole grains, colorful vegetables, and appropriate amounts of fruit.
- Exercise regularly and always move your body
As well as exercising, it helps prevent obesity. It also reduces the hormone insulin. which increases the risk of cancer It is also important to reduce cancer cells in the bloodstream. A study in patients with stage 1-3 colon cancer reported aerobic exercise of at least 150 minutes per week. It helps reduce cancer cells in the bloodstream
This is in line with research studies on stage 3 colon cancer patients that show the effects of good physical activity. It reduces the risk of cancer recurrence by up to 40% and the death rate by 63%.
Therefore, exercise should be done regularly. At least 30 minutes a day, 5 days a week. Helps maintain body weight from exceeding the standard Reduces the risk of many types of cancer Promotes the immune system Regulates hormones associated with cancer and reduces exposure to carcinogens in the digestive tract
Preventing the risk of cancer You can start by taking care of your body weight. as well as other aspects of health care such as good sleep Managing emotions and stress and avoiding hazardous substances Cigarettes, alcohol and PM2.5 dust for sustainable health.
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Reference source
1. World Cancer Research Fund Diet, Nutrition, Physical Activity and Cancer. Global Perspective. [(accessed on 1 September 2022)]. Available online:
2. Bouvard V, Loomis D, Guyton KZ, Grosse Y, Ghissassi FE, Benbrahim-Tallaa L, et al. Carcinogenicity of red and processed meat consumption. The Lancet Oncology. 2015; 16(16):1599-600.
3. Rouhani M, Salehi-Abargouei A, Surkan P, Azadbakht L. Is there a relationship between red or processed meat intake and obesity? A systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies. Reviews of Obesity. 2014; 15(9):740-8.
4. Brown JC, Rhim AD, Manning SL, Brennan L, Mansour AI, Rustgi AK, Damjanov N, Troxel AB, Rickels MR, Ky B, Zemel BS. Effects of exercise on circulating tumor cells among patients with stage I-III colon cancer. PloS one. 2018 Oct 17;13(10):e0204875.
5. Brown JC, Gilmore LA. Physical activity reduces the risk of recurrence and mortality in cancer patients. Reviews of exercise and sports sciences. 2020 April 1; 48(2):67-73.
6. Meyerhardt JA, Heseltine D, Niedzwiecki D, Hollis D, Saltz LB, Mayer RJ, Thomas J, Nelson H, Whittom R, Hantel A, Schilsky RL. Impact of physical activity on cancer recurrence and survival in patients with stage III colon cancer: results from CALGB 89803. J Clin Oncol. 2006 Aug 1;24(22):3535-41.
7. Regmi S, Fu A, Luo KQ. High shear stresses under exercise condition destroy tumor cells dispersed in a microfluidic system. Scientific reports. 2017 January 5; 7(1):39975.
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