Senegal Braces for Escalation as Land Dispute in Soussoum Leads to Arrests and Violence
A simmering land dispute in the Soussoum locality, Ndiaganiao commune, has erupted into open conflict, with 24 local villagers currently detained following clashes with authorities. The unrest stems from a controversial basalt quarry project approved for two companies, Transfavo and Elikane, despite strong opposition from residents who claim the land is vital to their livelihoods.
The conflict highlights a growing tension between industrial development and the rights of local communities in Senegal, echoing past disputes like the well-known land conflict in Ndingler.
Contentious Approvals Spark Outrage
The roots of the crisis lie in operating authorizations granted in 2023 by former Minister of Mines Omar Sarr to Transfavo (40 hectares) and Elikane (43 hectares) for basalt extraction. However, the process leading to these approvals is under scrutiny, with allegations that municipal deliberations occurred before a mandatory public hearing. During that hearing, residents reportedly voiced a categorical refusal to cede their land, which they consider essential for their survival.
Despite this clear opposition, the town hall allegedly justified the decision as originating from “the High Authority.” This perceived disregard for local concerns has fueled resentment and ultimately, the current unrest.
Escalating Tensions and Police Intervention
The arrival of machinery on the ground triggered a rapid escalation of tensions. Reports indicate increasing scuffles and a forceful police presence in Soussoum. For the past week, dialogue between local populations and authorities has completely broken down. The area is now characterized by arrests and retaliatory protests.
According to exclusive information, authorities have detained 24 individuals from nearby villages. Detainees have reportedly alleged brutal arrests, including incidents occurring within their homes. Legal representation has been secured, with attorneys Me Boucounta Diallo and Me Faty committed to defending those arrested. The detainees are expected to be presented to the prosecutor in the coming hours.
Company Claims Legal Standing, Accuses Political Interference
Arona Ba, the head of Transfavo, maintains the company acted within the law. “We obtained our operating permits legally. It was Minister Omar Sarr who gave them to us. An environmental impact study was done, several inhabitants have even signed with us,” he stated.
Ba clarified that only 17 of the 40 hectares granted to Transfavo are suitable for exploitation, with the remaining 23 hectares already being utilized by local populations under a tacit agreement. However, he lamented the destruction of heavy materials during the clashes, estimating losses at one billion CFA francs. He further accused unnamed politicians of exploiting the situation and instrumentalizing the population for their own gain.
A Familiar Pattern of Conflict?
The situation in Soussoum bears striking similarities to the protracted land dispute in Ndingler, a region previously plagued by similar conflicts over resource extraction. This raises concerns about a recurring pattern of prioritizing industrial development over the rights and livelihoods of local communities.
The current situation in Soussoum is marked by “desolation, with dislocated families, charred machines and a town plunged into uncertainty,” underscoring the devastating consequences of unresolved land disputes.
