2024-08-14 18:46:10
Starting to exercise is always difficult, but when the habit is established, the body demands more. It also works the other way: the less you do, the less you want. Now, a study led by Guadalupe Sabio, from the National Cancer Research Institute (CNIO), and published in the journal ‘Scientific Advances’, can explain why this ability occurs. The team has discovered that During exercise, proteins are awakened that encourage us to work harderSuch a ‘switch’ for the desire to receive a transfer.
Researchers noticed that when muscles contract repeatedly and hard due to exercise, two proteins from the same family are activated, called p38a y p38γ. Both regulate each other, so that the need in performing physical activity is greater or less depending on how much each is activated. “This will explain why more active people prefer doing more physical activity and how our body controls that desire to exercise,” Guadalupe Sabio, head of the Interorganizational Group in metabolic diseases at the CNIO, explained to ABC.
His team has discovered how the muscle itself controls the need to exercise through a signaling pathway between the brain and the brain that we do not know, and who is one of those who manage – “because there must be variety” – that when we exercise we have that motivation to do even more. The work, whose two main authors are Leticia Herrera and Cintia Folgueira, researchers at the National Center for Cardiovascular Research (CNIC), also shows that the proteins produced by the muscles with exercise regulate themselves, to prevent the desire to exercise from the end. harm to the body.
To reach these results, they collected data in animal models (rats that worked on a treadmill at normal intensity) and also from volunteers who performed controlled exercises (half an hour of hard cycling) and patients who is obese.
For the authors, the signaling pathway known “plays an important role in the physiological process in mice and humans”, and “forces its clinical importance”, given the known relationship between behaviors exercise, obesity and metabolic diseases.
The authors note that the activation of p38γ due to exercise causes the production of another protein: interleukin 15 (IL-15), and this has a direct effect on the part of the cerebral cortex that controls movement, the motor cortex. Increasing interleukin 15 in the blood works as a signal to the brain to enhance motor activitywhich makes the animals work more voluntarily.
In humans, we observed that two p38 proteins are activated in muscles that exercise with increased activity. An increase in interleukin 15 was also seen.
Another interesting phenomenon observed in the study is that Obese people have low levels of interlukin 15. “In mice we found that there was obesity first and then a decrease in interlukin 15,” Sabio said. What still needs to be investigated is whether the earlier decrease in interlukin 15 also produces obesity and whether there is a dual pathway.
The study also showed that, when the animals exercised in an intermittent and continuous manner, the activation of p38γ was also greater than that of p38α. This leads one to think that with training the will to practice dies. In animals with a high fat diet and obesity, regular exercise shows benefits: it improves metabolism and reduces their tendency to diabetes and fat accumulation, especially in the liver.
The next step of the researchers is to consider whether interlukin 15 production is different depending on the type of exercise we do and to find out “which exercise will make you more motivated to feel good again the next day,” said Guadalupe Sabio . They also want to continue learning how exercise can benefit life expectancy.
Wise adds that even “you can think about creating a medicine obtained from IL-15 to reach the brain, activate the receptor and make us interested in daily activity.
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