Astigmatism is a common vision condition that affects a large number of people and causes symptoms of blurred vision, difficulty seeing at night, headaches, or eye strain due to a lack of sharpness in focusing images.
Although its origin may be due to alterations in the shape and position of the lens, the most common cause is due to astigmatism of corneal origin. The cornea serves as the first lens through which light rays must pass.Usually this cornea has an aspheric shape,that is,a rounded shape but elongated at the ends,similar to an American football.The greater the elongation of this shape,the greater the corneal astigmatism. Small degrees of astigmatism, such as half a diopter, can be tolerated by the patient, but from 0.75 D onwards the degree of blur affects visual quality. 46% of patients have corneal astigmatism equal to or greater than this magnitude, so its correction should be considered with the implantation of toric intraocular lenses during lens and cataract surgery. This kind of The lenses are specially designed to be positioned in a specific position inside the eye,and thus be able to neutralize the more pronounced corneal curvature,which allows the light rays to concentrate on the same focus,and therefore,the image it appears clear.
Toric lenses can be available in both monofocal and multifocal versions, allowing them to adapt to different visual needs. While monofocal toric lenses focus on correcting vision at a single distance, multifocal intraocular lenses allow clear vision at both distance and near, even today in an intermediate position with trifocal multifocal lenses. In the latter case, its benefit can eliminate the need for glasses or contact lenses after surgery.
Thanks to technological advances, the accuracy and safety of toric intraocular lens implantation have improved significantly. These advances have allowed us to improve the clarity of vision after surgery, being able to provide more predictable and satisfactory results and, therefore, a better quality of life for patients.
In Spain, 76% of the population reports having visual health problems and intraocular lenses have become an essential tool to significantly improve the vision and well-being of many of these patients. An in-depth ophthalmological evaluation allows us to orient the best refractive solution for each patient. Itziar Martinez-Soroa.Head of the Ophthalmology Service at the university Hospital of Donostia.
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