The bill filed in the Chamber by the deputies of the Democratic Party, Italia Viva, Movimento 5 Stelle and Liberi e Uguali is simple: Hello beautiful the institutional anthem of April 25, to be sung immediately after that of Mameli. TheAdnkronos. In this way “we intend to finally recognize the evident institutional character of a hymn that is a popular expression – lived and always in continuous evolution with respect to the various historical moments – of the highest values at the basis of the birth of the Republic”. And again: “Specifically, therefore, with article 1, paragraph 1, the recognition of the song by the Republic is envisaged Hello beautiful as a popular expression of the founding values of one’s birth and development. Paragraph 2 of the same article also establishes that the song Hello beautiful be performed, after the national anthem, on the occasion of the official ceremonies for the celebrations of April 25, the anniversary of the Liberation from Nazi-Fascism. “And that’s all.
The problem is that the signatories of this bill forget one important thing: Hello beautiful it was never sung during the Resistance. Giorgio Bocca, certainly not a dangerous reactionary, said: “In the twenty months of the guerrilla war I have never heard anyone sing Hello beautiful, was an invention of the Spoleto Festival “. The reference is to when, in 1964, the New Italian songbook proposed the partisan anthem at the Festival dei due mondi, thus consecrating it in a definitive way. Of course, there are those who support, like Alessandro Portelli sul Manifesto, that this song was the anthem of Maiella Brigade and which would have been sung since 1944. But the reality is different, as he recalls The Corriere della Sera: “In the autobiographical book by Nicola Troilo, son of Ettore, founder of the brigade, there is also space for the songs that were sung, but no mention of Hello beautiful, let alone its possible adoption as a ‘hymn’. Indeed, from the diary of Donato Ricchiuti, a member of the Maiella Brigade who fell in the war on 1 April 1944, we learn that it was he who composed the hymn of the Brigade: Anthem of the lynx“. The songs of the partisans were others, like The wind blows, for example. Or Paddy field. Ma Hello beautiful absolutely not. In fact, remember theAdnKronos that this hymn does not appear in any text prior to the 1950s: “The report also presents some examples of collections of songs (such as the Sing partisan published by Panfilo in Cuneo in 1945 and the various editions of Italian songwriter by Pasolini) or magazines (such as Folklore in 1946) in which the text of Hello beautiful it never appears. The first appearance is in 1953, in the magazine La Lapa by Alberto Mario Cirese, to then be included, on April 25, 1957, in a short collection of partisan songs published by the daily Unity“.
Who liberated Italy
By presenting this bill, Laura Boldrini claimed that Hello beautiful reminds us that “the resistance was not one-sided, but a people’s motion, which involved all those who no longer considered it possible to live under a dictatorship: a heterogeneous movement. Communists, socialists, shareholders, liberals and thus being anarchists were part of the resistance Beautiful Hello a song of the Resistance and since this was a movement of the people, it is right that it becomes an institutional anthem, a popular expression of the highest values at the basis of the birth of the Republic. “It was not so. The resistance was not at all a movement of the people. lined up millions of Italians against a few thousand fascists. Both phenomena – both that of the Resistance and that of the Social Republic – moved a few hundred thousand people, as Chiara Colombini recalls in But even the partisans … (The third). Just over 130 thousand people joined the first, while the second just over 160 thousand. In between, over 40 million Italians. There was therefore no movement of the people on either side. However, Boldrini is right when she states that the Resistance was a heterogeneous phenomenon in which different souls were present. Among these, that certainly prevailed communist which had a very clear objective: to replace one dictatorship with another. Guido Alberto Pasolini, Pier Paolo’s brother, understood this well, who after fighting the Germans was killed by the Red partisans: “The Garibaldi commissioners (the news reaches us from an uncontrolled part) intend to establish the Soviet (armed) republic of Friuli: launching piece for the Bolshevization of Italy “.
If we stop at the numbers, then, we notice that they are merciless. Maurizio Stefanini remembers them on the Sheet: “On September 18, 1943 the partisans were in all 1.500, of which a thousand of ‘autonomous’: bands of military born from the collapse of the Royal Army, which will then largely connect with the Christian Democrats or the Liberal Party. In November 1943 I am 3.800, of which 1,900 self-employed. The left becomes the majority in 1944: on April 30 there are 12.600 partisans, of which 5,800 from the Garibaldi Brigades, organized by the PCI; 3,500 autonomous; 2,600 from the Justice and Freedom Brigades of the Action Party; 600 of more or less explicitly Catholic groups. For July 1944 there is the official estimate of Ferruccio Parri who on behalf of the National Liberation Committee of Upper Italy (CLNAI) estimates 50.000 fighters: 25,000 Garibaldians, 15,000 giellists and 10,000 autonomous and Catholics. Bocca adds 2,000 socialists from the Matteotti Brigades and republicans from the Mazzini and Mameli Brigades. In August 1944 we arrive at 70.000 and in October a 80.000, which however dropped to 50,000 in December. Giorgio Bocca then counts 80,000 men at the beginning of March 1945, cites an estimate of the partisan general command on 130,000 men as of April 15, and calculates that ‘in the days of the insurrection there will be 250,000-300,000 to turn armed and nocked’. Even of this mass, the Garibaldians, admits Bocca, ‘are half or a little less’ “. Stefanini rightly notes that the” interesting fact is that according to this estimate, only one partisan out of 23 fought for at least a year; 5 out of 6 have taken up arms in the last 4 months; almost 4 out of 5 in the last 2 months; and even one in two in the last 10 days! “.
These numbers would be enough to bring the Resistance back to its correct historical location. But is not so. To choose Hello beautiful as the official hymn of April 25, it means making it even more than just one part, to the detriment of all the others. But maybe that’s what certain political forces want. Not by chance, Marco Rizzo, one of the few Communists still worthy of the name, spoke of “prêt-à-porter anti-fascism”, which aims to attract the masses (or so it is hoped) before the elections. Hard to blame him …
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