Suva, Fiji – A growing crisis of childhood malnutrition is unfolding in Fiji, with a startling 63 percent of children under the age of five affected, according to recent data. The issue extends beyond simple stunting, encompassing anemia and a range of nutrient deficiencies that pose significant challenges to the health and future of the nation’s youngest citizens. This concerning trend has prompted renewed efforts to understand the root causes and implement effective interventions, including a new national nutrition survey currently underway.
The urgency of the situation is underscored by the fact that malnutrition in early childhood can have lasting consequences, impacting physical and cognitive development, educational attainment, and long-term health outcomes. Addressing this complex problem requires a multifaceted approach, focusing on improved feeding practices, increased access to nutritious foods, and widespread public awareness campaigns promoting healthier diets. The latest survey aims to provide crucial data to inform these strategies and track progress over time. This new National Nutrition Survey builds on previous assessments conducted every ten years.
Identifying the Root Causes of Malnutrition
National Food and Nutrition Centre Manager Kriti Prasad highlighted a key factor contributing to the problem: insufficient exclusive breastfeeding during the first six months of life. The 2015 National Nutrition Survey identified this practice as a primary driver of poor nutrition, as infants miss out on essential nutrients when other foods are introduced prematurely. Prasad explained, “So it’s a random selection, our National Nutrition Survey. It’s done every 10 years. The last one was done in 2015, and this year we are working on it. Currently, we have launched our national STEP survey, which has also provided us with some information when it comes to the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages.”
Beyond breastfeeding, challenges arise when children begin consuming solid foods. Prasad noted that meals are often of inadequate consistency or lack sufficient variety, contributing to both undernutrition and the growing problem of childhood obesity. This highlights the need for education and support for caregivers on appropriate feeding practices and the importance of a balanced diet.
Collaborative Efforts to Combat Malnutrition
Recognizing the scale of the challenge, organizations like UNICEF are actively partnering with the Fijian Ministry of Health to deliver targeted programs. Penjani Kamudoni, UNICEF Pacific Manager for Nutrition, emphasized their commitment to supporting these initiatives. “UNICEF broadly supports these kinds of initiatives. We are also working with the Ministry to scale up care for children who have acute malnutrition and are underweight, so that their condition does not deteriorate further,” Kamudoni stated.
These programs focus on providing care for children already suffering from acute malnutrition, aiming to prevent their conditions from worsening. However, experts agree that a preventative approach, addressing the underlying causes of malnutrition, is crucial for long-term success. This includes improving access to affordable, nutritious foods, particularly in vulnerable communities.
The Role of the STEP Survey
Alongside the decennial National Nutrition Survey, Fiji has recently launched a national STEP (Stepping Up Prevention of Non-Communicable Diseases) survey. According to a report from the World Health Organization, the STEP survey, finalized on February 11, 2026, includes data collection on the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, a factor increasingly linked to both malnutrition and non-communicable diseases. The survey team included Kriti Prasad, Laisani Urolevu, Karalaini Qalovi, Lynn Babakolo, Mele Takayawa Waqabaca, Losalini Popua, and Mereisi Radinivulagi, Ruci Sinukakala.
The STEP survey provides valuable insights into dietary habits and risk factors, complementing the more comprehensive data gathered by the National Nutrition Survey. By combining these data sources, policymakers can gain a more nuanced understanding of the challenges and develop targeted interventions.
Looking Ahead: Tracking Progress and Informing Policy
The current National Nutrition Survey, building on the findings of the 2015 assessment, is expected to provide a detailed picture of the nutritional status of Fijian children. This data will be instrumental in tracking progress, identifying emerging trends, and informing the development of evidence-based policies and programs. The results will also assist to monitor the effectiveness of existing interventions and identify areas where adjustments are needed.
Addressing childhood malnutrition in Fiji requires a sustained, collaborative effort involving government agencies, international organizations, healthcare professionals, and communities. By prioritizing improved feeding practices, increased access to nutritious foods, and public awareness campaigns, Fiji can work towards a healthier future for its children. The next key checkpoint will be the release of the full findings from the current National Nutrition Survey, anticipated in late 2026.
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