2024-10-27 05:00:00
Among the thirty national leaders on the guest list Vladimir Putin participate this week in Kazan (Russia) of Brics Forum was included Nicola Madurowho thus made his first trip abroad after the crisis that broke out after the has called into question the July 28 elections in Venezuela.
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Meeting for three days one-on-one with a Putin interested in promoting a financial system that would allow Russia to avoid Western sanctions after the invasion of Ukraine, as well as demonstrating to the West that his country is not an isolated pariah on on all fronts, the leaders of the Brics group, which constitutes almost half of the world population and 40% of GDP, have demonstrated that they are allies but with different interests.
Proof of this was the Brazil‘s refusal to allow Venezuela to join the club something that provoked the fury of a Maduro who, until before July 28, found in his Brazilian counterpart, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silvasupport at different levels.
Xi Jinping (left, blue jacket) underlined, as part of the BRICS summit, the importance of relations between China and Russia.
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Being the first Brics summit attended by the new members of the group: Iran, Egypt, United Arab Emirates and Ethiopia, which joined the founders Russia, China, India and South Africa, the meeting also brought together over 20 countries that At some point showed interest in joining the club and accepted the Kremlin’s invitation with the hope of joining.
However, Russian presidential spokesman Dmitry Peskov admitted “differences” on enlargement, which was ultimately left off the agenda.
It’s not a question of political regime, it’s a question of loss of trust. They told us one thing and did another…
Until then everything had remained in generalities, but, in an attempt to calm discontent, the final communiqué approved the status of associated state, publishing a list of the countries that will be included in that category: Turkey, Indonesia, Nigeria, Algeria, Belarus , Cuba, Bolivia, Kazakhstan, Vietnam, Thailand, Malaysia, Uzbekistan and Uganda, although their entry has been postponed indefinitely.
According to this list, Venezuela was excluded due to Brazil’s veto, which Caracas considers a “hostile gesture” and “aggression” against the interests of the Caribbean nation.
And although Lula was unable to attend Kazan in person due to a domestic accident, it emerged that countries such as Russia and China were in favor of Venezuela’s entry into the BRICS but respected the decision of Brazil, which, in the words of Celso Amorim, special advisor to the Brazilian president deemed it “inappropriate”.
In fact, Putin himself, who during the meeting recognized Maduro as the legitimate president, admitted that he did not agree with his Brazilian colleague on the issue and invited them to resolve their differences.
Venezuela’s entry into the Brics “is not a question of political regime, it is a question of loss of trust. They told us one thing and did another”, said councilor Amorim in an exclusive interview given to newspaper O Globo in reference to the issue Maduro’s promise to deliver the minutes of the elections held on July 28 in Venezuela.
To what extent can the tension between Lula and Maduro affect the position of the left in Latin America?
Until July 28, Brazil’s president, Lula da Silva, was a president with a softer stance towards Nicolás Maduro’s regime.
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The situation has generated new rifts – which this time seem more serious – between Nicolás Maduro and Lula Da Silva, who continues to cast doubt on the victory of Chavismo in the last presidential elections on July 28, since the National Electoral Council has shown no evidence of that victory. , unlike the opposition, which digitized and collected more than 24,000 ballots proving the victory of Edmundo González.
Before the end of July Maduro personally promised Amorim to show the election results, but almost three months later this has not happened, which is why the Brazilian administration feels disappointed.
Technically, The refusal to join the Brics group would be one of the first sanctions imposed by a state against Venezuela after the July 28 elections. But it also means the loss of an ally for Maduro, who will be sworn in as president on January 10, he said.
Nicolás Maduro at the top of the Brics.
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The interesting thing about this situation is precisely this The enmity does not concern governments opposed to the regime, but the Lula administration, an ally as important as Gustavo Petro in Colombia.
This is an action that constitutes aggression against Venezuela and a hostile gesture that adds to the criminal policy of sanctions.
In a statement, the Venezuelan Foreign Ministry said that this veto “reproduces the hatred, exclusion and intolerance promoted by Western power centers to prevent, for now, the entry of Bolívar’s homeland into this organization.” .
It is “an action that constitutes aggression against Venezuela and a hostile gesture that adds to the criminal policy of sanctions imposed against a courageous and revolutionary people. No trick or maneuver conceived against Venezuela will stop the course of history”, underlines. out the writing.
And although, at the moment, there has been no direct comment, Communicators linked to Chavismo accused Lula of “selling out” to US interests or of being “a Trojan horse” within the Summit.
Beyond the regime’s lack of response regarding the election results, Brazil’s reaction to Maduro in the Brics has other antecedents.
Brazil has taken over the representation of the Argentine embassy in Venezuela.
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Following the Venezuelan government’s decision to expel officials from the Argentine embassy in Caracas, where six opposition collaborators María Corina Machado are taking refuge, it was the Brazilian diplomatic delegation that took custody of the residence.
Despite guarding the place, where the Brazilian flag currently flies, for more than 24 hours Venezuelan security forces besieged the residence and cut off water and electricity supplies, which ended up accelerate the pressure on Edmundo González, who the next day, September 8, went into exile in Spain after taking refuge in his residence in that country.
Caracas had assured that it had taken custody of the goods coming from Brazil, to which the Brazilian Ministry of Foreign Affairs responded that it would not hand them over until another representation had taken charge, adding new inconveniences to bilateral relations which were already at peaks when they were arriving in August anyway Lula called Maduro “authoritarian””.
In what position is Gustavo Petro regarding the tension between Venezuela and Brazil?
Without a doubt, the situation places President Petro in a complex scenario. “Lula has stopped believing in Maduro,” the leader of the clandestine opposition, Juan Pablo Guanipa, assured EL TIEMPO.
“In this sense, I think that President Petro’s position on Maduro should be much firmer, it seems that he is trying to play a mediating role where he can maintain the trust of both sides, but I want to tell President Petro that this is not “It’s a problem of a polarized country, this is a problem of an entire nation that is being attacked by a dictator like Nicolás Maduro,” Guanipa insisted.
Nicolás Maduro, president of Venezuela (left), together with his Colombian counterpart, Gustavo Petro.
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“Venezuela will be more isolated”
In the current scenario, the experts consulted by this newspaper believe that after January 10, if Brazil maintains its position, Venezuela will be more isolated.
An international position that evokes the possible erosion of the São Paulo Forum which integrates left-wing political groups in America, and of which Hugo Chávez and Lula da Silva are conceived as its highest representatives.
If the Lula-Maduro split becomes official, the left will win, which seems to understand that the path is not the triangle Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela
However, the last presidency of Lula, who had already exercised power between 2003 and 2011, seems to put the Latin American left in a different direction from that of Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela when the president of Chile, Gabriel Boric, categorically condemns the regimes. Mexico, led by Claudia Sheinbaum, will continue her predecessor Andrés Manuel López Obrador’s policy of maintaining distance in issues such as Venezuela and even President Petro himself appears as a mediator figure not aligned with Maduro’s interests.
In Latin America, there is growing fear of a new wave of migration if Maduro remains in power.
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“If the Lula-Maduro split becomes official, the left will win, which seems to understand that the path is not the triangle Cuba, Nicaragua and Venezuela“, political scientist Carlos Zambrano told this newspaper, reiterating that the Brics were the example of what will happen with Maduro after January 10: “Total isolation”.
Meanwhile, Venezuelan Vice President Delcy Rodríguez advanced from Kazan towards India, while Maduro arrived in Algeria on Friday with the aim of finding allies far from Latin American shores.
ANA MARÍA RODRÍGUEZ BRAZÓN – EL TIEMPO CORRESPONDENT – CARACAS
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