The COVID-19 pandemic exacerbated existing societal vulnerabilities, and among the most concerning was a rise in gender-based violence (GBV). While lockdowns and economic hardship impacted many, they disproportionately affected women and genderqueer individuals, increasing their risk of experiencing violence. Latest research from Freie Universität Berlin sheds light on how feminist activists in Germany stepped up to maintain public discourse around GBV during this challenging period, often filling a gap left by traditional media coverage. This study, focusing on feminist media studies, examines the crucial role of activist-driven communication in sustaining awareness and advocating for change, even when attention waned.
Gender-based violence, encompassing physical, sexual, psychological, and economic harm, is recognized internationally as both a human rights violation and a significant public health concern. The World Health Organization estimates that nearly one in three women worldwide have experienced physical or sexual violence, primarily by an intimate partner. These statistics underscore the pervasive nature of the problem, and the pandemic served to amplify the risks, creating barriers to safety and support for those experiencing abuse.
How Activists Sustained the Conversation During COVID-19
Researchers Miriam Siemon, Wolfgang Reißmann, and Margreth Lünenborg, working within the DFG-funded project “Performative Publics,” analyzed activist media practices in the online discourse surrounding GBV in Germany during the pandemic. Their work, detailed in a recent publication, utilized a mixed-methods approach, combining network analysis, interviews with feminist activists, and ethnographic observation. This allowed them to understand not only *what* activists were saying, but *how* they were saying it and *with whom* they were connecting.
The study revealed a distinct pattern: while journalists tended to follow the peaks and valleys of COVID-19 news cycles, feminist activists consistently maintained the conversation around GBV, even during periods of lower public attention. This wasn’t simply about repeating the same messages; activists demonstrated a sophisticated understanding of communication, adapting their strategies to the unique challenges of the pandemic. They leveraged social media platforms, not just to share individual stories, but to frame GBV as a systemic issue requiring broader societal change.
“Feminist activists acted as authorities, drawing on years of experience and communicative professionalism,” the researchers found. They actively adopted journalistic roles, disseminating information and employing storytelling techniques to raise awareness about various forms of GBV. However, crucially, their approach moved beyond individual cases, consistently highlighting the structural risks GBV poses to society as a whole. This framing is a key distinction from some traditional media coverage, which can sometimes focus on sensationalized individual incidents.
Bridging the Gap: Activists and Journalists in the Digital Sphere
The research highlights a complex relationship between feminist activists and journalists. While journalists often responded to immediate news events, activists provided a consistent, long-term perspective. This dynamic suggests a potential for collaboration, where journalists can benefit from the activists’ deep knowledge and sustained engagement, and activists can leverage the reach of mainstream media to amplify their messages. However, the study also points to potential tensions, stemming from differing priorities and approaches to storytelling.
The researchers’ network analysis revealed how activists built and maintained connections with each other, forming robust online communities that facilitated information sharing and coordinated action. These networks proved vital for disseminating resources, organizing online protests, and advocating for policy changes. The study also showed how activists strategically used hashtags and other social media tools to amplify their voices and reach wider audiences. More information about the DFG project “Performative Publics” can be found here.
The Power of Framing: GBV as a Structural Issue
A central finding of the study is the importance of framing GBV not as isolated incidents, but as a systemic problem rooted in gender inequality. By consistently emphasizing this structural dimension, activists challenged dominant narratives that often blame individuals or portray violence as a personal failing. This framing is crucial for driving meaningful change, as it shifts the focus from addressing symptoms to tackling the underlying causes of violence.
This approach also resonates with public health perspectives on GBV. Recognizing GBV as a public health issue necessitates a comprehensive response that addresses the social, economic, and political factors that contribute to violence. It requires investment in prevention programs, support services for survivors, and policies that promote gender equality.
Looking Ahead: Sustaining the Discourse and Driving Change
The study underscores the vital role of feminist media activism in maintaining public awareness of GBV, particularly during times of crisis. As the world continues to navigate the long-term effects of the pandemic and faces new challenges, sustaining this momentum is crucial. The researchers’ findings suggest that fostering collaboration between activists and journalists, and prioritizing a structural understanding of GBV, are essential steps towards creating a safer and more equitable society.
The German Federal Ministry for Family Affairs, Senior Citizens, Women and Youth continues to offer resources and support for those affected by domestic violence. Information on available services can be found on their website.
If you or someone you know is experiencing gender-based violence, please reach out for help. You are not alone. Resources are available, and support is within reach. Share this article to help raise awareness and contribute to a safer future for all.
