2023-04-26 13:37:00
The controversial pension reform in France does not only make people unhappy with the French, it also arouses anger among immigrants. Indeed, the latter are now obliged to have a period of residence in France of more than 9 months to benefit from the minimum old age (solidarity allowance for the elderly – ASPA) conditioned until then by a period of residence of more than 6 month. According to a press release from the Association of Maghreb Workers of France (ATMF) and the Information and Support Group for Immigrants (Gisti), this is an amendment which was decided discreetly, without public debate and which must come into force on September 1.
The accomplished fact
A fait accompli considered unfair since it affects, in the first place, “elderly migrants who have not contributed enough to have a decent retirement, in other words the most precarious”, specifies the press release. Especially, adds the said press release, that a large part of this social category “works in arduous trades and has chopped careers”. A most absurd decision, judge the ATMF and the Gisit, since President Macron declared, on April 14, to a delegation of 9 veterans received at the Elysée, that he was delighted that the payment of their allowances is no longer subject to the condition of residence in France. “A contradiction and discriminatory treatment: for some, it is a reparation of an injustice and for others, a house arrest”, notes the press release.
Injustice
For the two associations, it is indeed a question of a deliberate desire to “suppress the rights” of ill-informed people and who will be subject to “increasingly strict controls which will make them lose their rights at the first occasion”, concludes the said press release. Another injustice which is added to that of the deprivation of health insurance. Indeed, once retired, Moroccans who have contributed in France are no longer covered by health insurance if they return to live in their country of origin, unlike French retirees. According to French law, foreigners lose their health cover from 187 days outside France. While the French who wish to settle abroad for their retirement continue to benefit from this right.
Short careers
But who are these Moroccan retirees? In her article “Profiles of retirees born in Morocco according to place of residence on retirement”, Alessandra Di Porto explained that “among the 842,000 claimants of the National Old Age Insurance Fund (CNAV) who in 2008 received their retirement in a foreign country, there are approximately 27,000 insured persons born and residing in Morocco at the time of retirement. Male beneficiaries born and residing in Morocco are characterized, compared to male beneficiaries born in Morocco who remained living in France, by short careers, completed long before retirement. According to this researcher, due to short insurance periods and low average salaries, these providers receive basic pension amounts from the general scheme that are not very significant, around 300 euros per month. “Given the smallness of these amounts, the pension amounts paid by the CNAV to male claimants residing in Morocco represent 0.2% of the amounts paid to all male claimants, while their workforce represents 0.5% of the number of retired men,” she points out. And to add: “Fewer and fewer service providers born in Morocco return to live in their country of origin: the proportion of retirees born in Morocco who receive their right there is in fact decreasing with the generation of birth of the insured”.
A slight decrease
On another note, Alessandra Di Porto maintained that “among retirees born in Morocco, the benefit of the 1st floor of the minimum old age was frequent with regard to the levels of pension and other resources at their disposal. Among the retirees born and residing in Morocco and still alive at the end of 2008, around 1,000 to 1,500 retirees annually opened a right to the 1st floor of the minimum old age, which corresponds to around 40% of the beneficiaries of their own right of a generation in the field. of the population studied. With the substitution of the Aspa for the minimum old age and the introduction of an obligation of residence on French territory, new retirees residing in Morocco can no longer claim the benefit of this device, … with a number of new beneficiaries which is since 2006 at 0 for this population”. She concluded that “among the retirees born in Morocco and residing in France, the number of new beneficiaries of the minimum old age is approximately 1,500 to 2,000 each year, which corresponds to nearly one in four insured persons. This weight drops slightly from the 1939 generation, to reach around 20% for the youngest retirees”.
The purpose of the minimum old-age pension is to ensure that people aged 65 or over (60 in the event of incapacity for work) have a minimum income when they have few resources. This device constitutes the “safety net” of the old-age insurance system. Historically, the minimum old age is the first social minimum in France. It was made up of two floors for a long time. The first floor corresponds to the L814-2 increase and its level is that of the old-age allowance for salaried workers (AVTS), i.e. 265.13 euros per month in 2010. The second floor corresponds to the supplementary old-age allowance (ASV ) and its objective was to bring all the resources to the level of the minimum old age, i.e. 708.95 euros per month for a single person and 1,157.46 euros for a couple in 2010. The ASV was financed from its creation by national solidarity. The first floor, because of its complementary character to the proper right, was exportable in the same way as the pension, whereas the second floor, like the other minimum social benefits, has never been. The introduction in 2006 (with implementation in 2007) of a single differential allowance – the solidarity allowance for the elderly (Aspa) – changed the system. Aspa is gradually replacing the various benefits of the minimum old-age scheme for new beneficiaries. Former recipients continue to receive the benefits they received before 2006. Aspa, which provides a level of resources equivalent to that of the minimum old age, is subject to a regular condition of residence in the national territory. Consequently, since 2006, the guaranteed minimum income for the elderly can no longer be exported for new allocations.
#Grosse #discrimination